Abstract
The current study was conducted to explore the mutagenic effect of DES hormone on the treated Nile tilapia chromosomes using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis. Two concentrations of DES hormone (100mg DES/kg and 200mg DES/kg diet) were addressed. The fry were fed for 60 days at 15% of the body weight daily. Two cell replication cycles, in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were achieved, and intestine tissues were used for chromosomes preparation. For slide staining, acridine orange (AO) was added, and the fluorescent microscope was used to the observation of AO fluorescence of stained slides. The obtained results indicated that the frequency of SCEs per cell and the percentage of cells exhibiting three SCEs per cell increased with the increasing hormone concentration. The present findings confirmed the mutagenic effect of DES hormone and clarified the possibility of using O. niloticus as an in vivo system for detecting mutagenic and carcinogenic chemicals. In addition, it is recommended not to use the hormone directly in the food served to humans. However, it can be used in the induction of fish sex inversion to XY females and followed by progeny testing, to generate super male YY.
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