Abstract
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>
 <p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Root canal treatment is hampered by the presence of resilient bacteria within the canals of teeth which leads to the need for incorporation of intra-canal medication. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mustard gel against the highly resistant Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) bacteria in comparison with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste as an intra-canal medicament.</p>
 <p><strong>Methods:</strong> This experimental study comprised forty extracted single-rooted teeth which were equally divided into two groups. In group 1, Ca(OH)2 paste was applied whereas in group 2, mustard gel was used. After disinfection, each tooth was sectioned horizontally into three equal parts. The standardized middle section was inoculated with a controlled strain of E. faecalis followed by the application of intra-canal medicaments for a week in both groups. The bacterial colonies were counted as colony-forming units (CFU/ml). Data were entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0.</p>
 <p><strong>Results:</strong> Microscopically, E. faecalis appeared as cocci-round shaped in chains or pairs. The median bacterial count was 1,550 (775-2,500) for group 1 (Ca(OH)2 paste) as compared to only 400 (200-775) in group 2 (mustard gel) (p &lt; 0.001).</p>
 <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Mustard gel can be used as a cost-effective, readily available, and safe herbal alternative to Ca(OH)2 paste for root canal treatments.</p>
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