Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate 94 Paspalum notatum genotypes over two growing seasons to estimate genetic dissimilarity through agronomic traits and the distance between genotypes. This information is used to create an ideotype from the best averages obtained for the set of characteristics evaluated. Seven apomitic, three sexual, and 81 hybrid genotypes were compared with native genotypes “André da Rocha”, “Bagual”, and cultivar “Pensacola” as controls. There is genetic variability in P. notatum for the studied [...]
Highlights
In South America, grasses of the genus Paspalum are widely used as livestock feed, with a large number of species exhibiting high yield potential and nutritional quality, heterogeneity arising from the different modes of reproduction, and differing ploidy levels within the genus (Sartor et al, 2011)
The significance of the genotype effect indicated the presence of genetic variability and indicates that is possible to include these characters in genetic distance studies
The characters ALDM, ASDM, AIDM, TPD, and PH, which are the primary components of forage production, showed high genotypic correlations of 0.96 (P≤0.01), 0.91 (P≤0.01), 0.77 (P≤0.01), 0.66 (P≤0.01), and 0.52 (P≤0.01) with ATDM, respectively. These results show that, for the genotypes analyzed, the characteristics ALDM, ASDM, AIDM, TPD, and PH are important characters for future breeding of P. notatum to increase ATDM
Summary
In South America, grasses of the genus Paspalum are widely used as livestock feed, with a large number of species exhibiting high yield potential and nutritional quality, heterogeneity arising from the different modes of reproduction, and differing ploidy levels within the genus (Sartor et al, 2011). Paspalum notatum Flügge stands out among other species because it has genotypes that have superior forage attributes for feeding ruminants. Knowledge of genetic variability and diversity within a species is essential for use of the genetic resource (Govindaraj et al, 2015). This species has a great potential for use in breeding programs as the species has a wide genetic diversity (Fachinetto et al, 2017), and the native genotypes show superior performance to the commercial cultivar “Pensacola”, which is the only commercially available cultivar and is widely grown in the southern region of the country (Steiner et al, 2017; Machado et al, 2019). New cultivars of P. notatum, with high production and adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions, enable more profitable and sustainable livestock production as they can be used in the recovery of degraded natural pasture areas or directly as cultivated perennial pastures (Machado et al, 2019)
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