Abstract
Abstract The development of measurement technologies allows for acquiring various data. The Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technology is frequently combined with classic geodetic measurements – tacheometry or levelling. This article presents a process of the diaphragm wall monitoring during excavation supported with a top-down method. The construction technology applied required proper planning and performance of measurements in difficult construction site conditions in the city centre. TLS allowed for limiting works at daytime and performing monitoring during the night break in works at the construction site as well as limiting the impact of the subsoil process vibrations on the values of displacements and deformations determined. The authors present a comparison of the results of displacement and deformation measurements with a terrestrial laser scanning and tacheometric measurement method. The possibilities of using the data acquired, among others, for the indication of filtration areas, spatial surface deformation analyses and assessment of the wall execution compliance with the design are presented. The analyses carried out show that the TLS may be used in the investment process from the very beginning, being a component of the Building Information Modelling (BIM).
Highlights
In the era of constant development of cities and a growing demand for service facilities such as office buildings and shopping centres and the related limitations in the location of hundreds of parking spaces, new investment projects, usually with a few-storey underground parts, are realized in the city centres with dense housing and infrastructure
Laser scanning technology can be distinguished into two categories: Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Airbone Laser Scanning (ALS)
Having analysed the data recorded in several periods, it is possible to analyse the deformations of entire surfaces as well as deformations of structural elements, referring to the changes in the whole object globally, not locally as with methods based on the determination of a single point displacement
Summary
In the era of constant development of cities and a growing demand for service facilities such as office buildings and shopping centres and the related limitations in the location of hundreds of parking spaces, new investment projects, usually with a few-storey underground parts, are realized in the city centres with dense housing and infrastructure. Such facilities exert an impact on neighbouring developments under construction as well as those already in existence [1]. The impact of deep foundations on the surrounding environment may be divided into two groups: 1. physical (resulting from the centre mechanics and the process of its unloading and loading), hereinafter referred to as natural, 2. process (resulting from the conditions of the project, related to the adopted solutions and care of execution)
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