Abstract
In this paper, a wireless sensor network (WSN) technology adapted to underground channel conditions is developed, which has important theoretical and practical value for safety monitoring in underground coal mines. According to the characteristics that the space, time and frequency resources of underground tunnel are open, it is proposed to constitute wireless sensor nodes based on multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) to make full use of these resources. To improve the wireless transmission performance of source sensor nodes, it is also proposed to utilize cooperative sensors with good channel conditions from the sink node to assist source sensors with poor channel conditions. Moreover, the total power of the source sensor and its cooperative sensors is allocated on the basis of their channel conditions to increase the energy efficiency of the WSN. To solve the problem that multiple access interference (MAI) arises when multiple source sensors transmit monitoring information simultaneously, a kind of multi-sensor detection (MSD) algorithm with particle swarm optimization (PSO), namely D-PSO, is proposed for the time-frequency coded cooperative MC-CDMA WSN. Simulation results show that the average bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed WSN in an underground coal mine is improved significantly by using wireless sensor nodes based on MC-CDMA, adopting time-frequency coded cooperative transmission and D-PSO algorithm with particle swarm optimization.
Highlights
There is a high demand for multimedia monitoring such as video and environmental parameters in underground coal mine production operations [1,2,3,4]
The transmission rate of the wireless sensor network (WSN) based on ZigBee is low, and it cannot satisfy the requirements for multimedia monitoring of an underground coal mine
The average bit error rate (BER) performance of the wireless sensor nodes for the time-frequency coded cooperative multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) WSN in uplinks is evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation, which is carried out via Matlab simulation on an IBM server with Linux environment at the Wireless Sensor
Summary
There is a high demand for multimedia monitoring such as video and environmental parameters in underground coal mine production operations [1,2,3,4]. MC-CDMA method is constructed for underground coal mines to improve the wireless transmission performance and reliability. In order to solve this problem, multi-sensor detection (MSD) is adopted to improve the BER performance of the WSN for underground coal mines. WSN close to that O-MSD with relatively low complexity, a kind of multi-sensor detection with particle swarm optimization based on D-MSD (D-PSO) was proposed which optimizes the output of. D-MSD at cooperative sensors and sink nodes with particle swarm optimization [18,19,20] With this method, the BER performance of the proposed WSN for underground coal mines is improved significantly with relatively low complexity.
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