Abstract
AbstractIn the context of changing climate, this study assessed the effects of global warming on water resources in Tanzania for the mid-21st century. Climate projections from six global circulation models under the most extreme emission scenario (RCP 8.5) were used as inputs to the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to examine the effects. The results were analyzed both at spatial (country-level, watershed-level, and subbasin-level) and temporal (annual and seasonal) scales concerning potential and actual evapotranspiration, surface runoff, water yield, and soil moisture. At the country level, the results showed a 0.8–27.4% increase in annual precipitation, which led to a general increase in evapotranspiration (−2.2–7.3%), surface runoff (12.6–94.1%), water yield (7.5–73.4%), and soil moisture (2.9–20.7%). Watershed-level analysis showed 2.4–31.5%, −2.6–6.8%, 18.4–159.7%, and 3.2–22.8% changes in average precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface runoff, and soil moisture, respectively. While no disti...
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