Abstract
BackgroundBrucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide. It can cause acute febrile illness in human and is a major health problem. Studies in human brucellosis in Malaysia is limited and so far no genotyping studies has been done on Brucella isolates. The aim of the study was to determine the genetic diversity among Brucella species isolated from human brucellosis, obtained over a 6-year period (2009–2014).MethodsIn this study, the genotypic characteristics of 43 human Brucella melitensis isolates were analysed using multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) which consisted of eight minisatellite loci (panel 1) and eight microsatellite loci; panels 2A (3 microsatellite loci) and panel 2B (5 microsatellite loci). Two human Brucella suis isolates were also investigated using the MLVA assay.ResultsUsing panel 1 (MLVA8), two genotypes namely genotype 43 and 44 were obtained from the 43 B. melitensis isolates. Using the combination of panels 1 and 2A loci (MLVA11), two genotypes were obtained while using the complete panels 1, 2A and 2B, nine genotypes were obtained. The polymorphisms in using the complete panels (MLVA16) were observed in three loci from panel 2B, which showed a diversity index higher than 0.17. All B. melitensis isolates were closely related to the East Mediterranean group. For B. suis isolates, only genotype 6 and genotype 33 were obtained using panel 1 and MLVA11 respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, the results of the present study showed a low genetic diversity among B. melitensis and B. suis isolates from human patients. Based on the MLVA16 assay, B. melitensis belonging to the East Mediterranean group is responsible for the vast majority of Brucella infections in our Malaysian patients. To our knowledge, this is the first genotyping study of human Brucella isolates in Malaysia.
Highlights
Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide
Using the complete MLVA16 assay, two genotypes were obtained from the two B. suis isolates with the numbering of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) type M10 to MLVA type M11. This is the first human brucellosis investigated using MLVA as the genotyping tools on 45 human Brucella isolates in Malaysia
Our results suggest that the B. melitensis isolates in Malaysia most likely form a homogenous group belonging to the East Mediterranean group
Summary
Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide It can cause acute febrile illness in human and is a major health problem. Brucellosis, a disease caused by the bacteria of genus Brucella is a re-emerging zoonosis worldwide. This disease is highly prevalent in many regions, in Central Asia, the Middle East, the Mediterranean region, Africa and Latin America [1]. In the Currently eleven species are recognized in the Brucella genus [5,6,7,8,9], four of which are known to infect humans.
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