Abstract
Multimodal sensors combining different detection methodologieson a single platform can provide complementary information for the detection of analytes. Here we developed a novel inexpensive metallic substrate that can be used for dual functional sensing via ElectroChemistry (EC)and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). We demonstrated the utility of this platform for the detection of chlorfenapyr, which is an agricultural insecticide anda toxin that disrupts respiratory pathways and proton gradients in mitochondria. Our platform is based on a commercial bimetallic glucosetest strip modified with silver nanoparticles. The performance of EC and SERS was evaluated via test probes potassium ferricyanide ((K3Fe(CN)6)) and 4-Aminothiophenol, respectively. The substratewas used as a working electrode for chlorfenapyr detection via ECand SERS. SERS allows the identification of chlorfenapyr by its characteristic peak near 2230 cm−1, with a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 7 ppm. EC allows for quantitative measurement of the analytewithin the concentration range of 20–50 ppm. The EC LODof 4.2 ppmmeets residue tolerance limit inchive, according to the US Code of Federal Regulations. Thisplatform may open up avenues towards cost-effective and portable detection of other analytes.
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