Abstract
Flightless I is an actin-binding member of the gelsolin family of actin-remodeling proteins that inhibits actin polymerization but does not possess actin severing ability. Flightless I functions as a regulator of many cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration all of which are important for many physiological processes including wound repair, cancer progression and inflammation. More than simply facilitating cytoskeletal rearrangements, Flightless I has other important roles in the regulation of gene transcription within the nucleus where it interacts with nuclear hormone receptors to modulate cellular activities. In conjunction with key binding partners Leucine rich repeat in the Flightless I interaction proteins (LRRFIP)1/2, Flightless I acts both synergistically and competitively to regulate a wide range of cellular signaling including interacting with two of the most important inflammatory pathways, the NLRP3 inflammasome and the MyD88-TLR4 pathways. In this review we outline the current knowledge about this important cytoskeletal protein and describe its many functions across a range of health conditions and pathologies. We provide perspectives for future development of Flightless I as a potential target for clinical translation and insights into potential therapeutic approaches to manipulate Flightless I functions.
Highlights
Flightless I (Flii) is an actin-binding protein that has been implicated in a wide range of biological processes, from those critical to ovulation and development, through to wound healing and cancer progression
We provide perspectives for future development of Flightless I as a potential target for clinical translation and insights into potential therapeutic approaches to manipulate Flightless I functions
As a member of the gelsolin family of actin remodeling proteins it is not unexpected that Flii has significant functions in regulating cellular processes including proliferation, adhesion, migration and apoptosis leading to potential important roles in pathological conditions that rely on the successful performance of these processes including wound healing and cancer
Summary
Flightless I (Flii) is an actin-binding protein that has been implicated in a wide range of biological processes, from those critical to ovulation and development, through to wound healing and cancer progression. More than facilitating cytoskeletal rearrangements, Flightless I has other important roles in the regulation of gene transcription within the nucleus where it interacts with nuclear hormone receptors to modulate cellular activities.
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