Multicriticality and interaction-induced first-order phase transitions in mixtures of ultracold bosons in an optical lattice

Abstract

We study a critical behavior of mixtures of two species of ultracold bosons trapped in an optical lattice. Using mean-field approximation, we determine the ground-state phase diagram of the system for a wide range of parameters. The introduction of interactions between different species of atoms strongly renormalizes the phase diagram. It can alter the critical behavior modifying multicriticality of crossing points and order of phase transitions in their vicinity between mixed and superfluid states. For selected values of model parameters, the behavior of the system falls out of the $XY$ model universality class, which usually is a hallmark of superfluid phase transition. We supplement our analysis with analytical calculations to explain the observed scenario.