Multi-Route AODV Protocol in Association with Overhearing Concept for Routes Selection Based on Unified Norm Composed of the Steadiness, Traffic Load and Energy Coefficients for Nodes

Abstract

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) considered as one of the major important neoteric directions of wireless networks that allows movable devices to communicate with each other’s at any time anywhere. The main distinctive feature of MANET is its operation does not depend on any type of centralized administration. Due to non-truancy of localized management, devices motion and MANET resources scarcity, routing design mechanisms becoming essential problem that faces MANET until yet. Therefore, this article focuses on performance enhancement for one of most notorious interactive routing schemes that is called Ad-hoc On Demand distance Vector (AODV). Where performance refinement for AODV has been achieved via modification of route creation and maintenance processes, conjunction with overhear concept and getting multiple routes for each source - destination pair, in such a way that reduce energy consumption of nodes, avoiding unnecessary control packets, getting a more stable paths among communication nodes and fulfillment of a balanced traffic load among nodes, leading to elongate life time of nodes. Hence, prolonging life time of network. The proposed algorithm is called, Steadiness, balanced Load and Energy efficient for Multiple paths of Overhear AODV (SLE-MOAODV), where route election depending on unified metric called efficiency factor of node (NEF), which composed of parameters of stabilization, traffic load and energy for node. Functioning appraisal and comparison among proposed algorithm (SLE-MOAODV) and original AODV was carried out utilizing network simulator NS2. Outcome of simulation proved that functioning of proposed scheme outdo the original AODV with regard to: ratio of successfully delivered packets, retard time, routing cost and spent energy of nodes.