Multi-objective service supply chain for humanitarian logistics with prioritizing areas in crisis condition

Purpose: Industry 4.0 has profoundly impacted the structure of businesses and organizations worldwide, and the digital revolution has led to the transformation of the supply chain of various industries, including the supply chain of banking services. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the supply chain in the new era. Methodology: This study investigated the supply chain of banking services of Industry 4.0 and its simulation based on agent-based modeling. This research model simulates the profit flow and other important financial variables related to agents such as customers, banks, fintechs, and other players in the supply chain of digital banking services. Findings: The simulation results in different time periods show the amount of changes in important parameters in the face of digital transformations in Industry 4.0. Factors such as the connection of organizations and fintechs to the supply chain of banking services, as well as the removal of physical branches and the use of digital tools, change the structure of the chain in terms of information evolution, service evolution, and financial evolution. Originality/value: This paper is one of the first studies to analyze the effects of Industry 4.0 on the banking service supply chain and can be considered a starting point for digital banking supply chain studies.

A service-oriented material management model with green options

Demand Forecasting for Irregular Demands in Business Aircraft Spare Parts Supply Chains by using Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the concrete type of service supply chain, which has been remaining on a conceptual level in previous studies. For this purpose, this study analyzed the differentiation of service supply chain, which could be hardly explained by the traditional manufacturing supply chain architecture.
 Design/methodology/approach: The research method was conducted through in-depth literature review. It was intended to identify the structure and characteristics of the service supply chain through an in-depth literature review in the service and supply chain fields.
 Findings: The service industry is made up of a wide range of fields and has various characteristics. The characteristics of the service industry are expected to be more diverse and complicated depending on the tangibility spectrum or servitised degree of the combination of tangible products and intangible services. According to the literature review, remarkable differences were shown between the type of the traditional manufacturing-oriented supply chain and that of the logistics service supply chain in respect of industrial architecture and direction of the entities in the supply chain.
 Research limitations/implications: This study cannot suggest general service supply chain types through literature review. The reason may be that it was difficult to generalize the types of service supply chains due to the diversity of the service industry and the characteristics of services that are different from tangible products. It was also difficult to apply the methodology to scientifically distinguish service supply chain to the traditional supply chain.
 Originality/value: The research results of this study on the service supply chain are meaningful in both academic and practical aspects. Academically, it provides the foundation for research on the service supply chain structure. In practice, it suggests the possibility that service companies can also use supply chain management as a business strategy.

Firms are grappling with multiple challenges because of COVID-19, such as supply discontinuity, disruptions, irregular demand patterns, and service delivery issues, among others. The disruption brought by the pandemic has highlighted the relevance of responsiveness and agility in service chains in particular. The unprecedented nature of the pandemic, however, has made design of agile and responsive supply chains difficult, especially for services that draw on intangible, unique resources. In this paper, we develop relevant—and thus far largely absent—theory for the design of service supply chains through a model of service supply chain fit that will guide service firms to prepare better for COVID and future threats. Our model guides the identification of the right supply chain (responsive, efficient, or agile) for services based on their operant resources, which are the intangible resources that act on other resources. Using a qualitative study, we first draw on service-dominant logic and supply chain fit framework to develop the concept of service supply chain fit; that is, the strategic consistency between a service firm’s operant resources and its supply chain. We then validate our model using survey data. The results indicate that service supply chain acts as both moderator and mediator for the relationship between operant resources and firm performance. Our findings indicate that, unless managers view service supply chain fit strategically and invest in developing operant resources for the right supply chain, future COVID-like disruptions may continue to severely impact firm performance.

It is hypothesized that perceived team performance in competition can be analyzed in terms of event expectancy (expected, unexpected event), direction of lead (one's own team, opposing team) and momentum (positive, negative). These three variables determine “game standings”. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived relative contribution of these variables to extreme psychological arousal states (crisis, noncrisis). Forty-five elite team handball experts responded to a questionnaire in which they were asked to estimate the occurrence probability of all possible “game standings” under crisis and noncrisis conditions, according to the Bayesian approach. An ANOVA procedure revealed that under the crisis condition, negative momentum, unexpected event, and lead by opposing team were rated as more probable, whereas positive momentum, expected event, and lead of one's own team were judged to more likely occur under the noncrisis condition. Moreover, the athlete's psychological stale (Cr...

Web services are interoperable and reusable software components that can be dynamically discovered and integrated over the Internet. Developed on open standards, Web services have become a promising solution to inter- and intra-organization application integration. The supply chain of Web services exhibits two distinct features that are not considered in previous literature on information and physical-good supply chain: the integration of multiple Web services and the cross-network externality effect between Web service vendors and users. In a quest to fill in the research gap, this paper studies the optimal pricing strategies of a monopolistic intermediary in the supply chain of complementary Web services. The Web service intermediary (WSI) provides both technical and aggregation services, and seeks to charge optimal subscription and listing fees. Analytical results show that in a supply chain of complementary Web services exhibiting cross-network effects, the optimal strategy for the WSI is to set the listing fee such that all service providers list on it. On the other hand, the optimal subscription fee depends on the intensity of the cross-network effect, consumers' valuation of value-added services, and the characteristics of the Web services under consideration.

Sustainable and resilience planning for the supply chain of online hyperlocal grocery services

Dynamics of judicial service supply chains

In this paper, we investigate the dynamic behavior of service supply chains in the presence of varying demand and information sharing. Each stage holds no finished goods inventory, rather only backlogs that can be managed solely by adjusting capacity. These conditions reflect the reality of many service (and custom manufacturing, such as capital equipment) supply chains. While there is a growing literature on finished goods inventory management in supply chains, relatively little research exists on managing capacity in the absence of finished goods inventory. To address this problem, we develop a capacity management model for a serial chain. At each stage in the supply chain, our model relates capacity, processing, backlog, and service delays to capture the aggregate dynamic interactions between the different stages. Using a system dynamics simulation model in an experimental design as well as a formal analysis of a simplified, yet representative, model using control theory and signal analysis techniques, we characterize the conditions under which a “bullwhip effect” (i.e., an increase in demand and backlog variability as one looks up the supply chain) can occur. We then study the impact of different management strategies and levels of information visibility on capacity and service delay variability in a two‐stage model.Conventional wisdom, derived from studies of make‐to‐stock manufacturing supply chains, strongly supports lead‐time reduction in order to mitigate the bullwhip effect. We show that lead‐time reduction can exacerbate the bullwhip effect in a service or custom manufacturing setting if it is not carefully coordinated with capacity adjustment. In particular, lead‐time reduction generally reduces backlog variance locally but often increases backlog variances at higher stages. Further, sharing end‐customer demand reduces backlog variances as in inventory supply chains but over‐reliance on it relative to local information may actually increase demand variance at higher stages. Finally, we show that the natural tendency to pursue system‐wide process improvement by imposing uniform parameter targets across the supply chain exacerbates demand, capacity, and backlog variances at higher stages. Instead, we show that a superior policy is asymmetric, holding the bulk of system backlog at the stage closest to the point of end customer demand. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This paper is a literature review to compare selected dimensions of manufacturing, services and RD additionally, due to wide range of supply chain specifications the factors are brought from the literature to the model to have a unique structure of comparison: quality, cost, flexibility, competitiveness, resource utilization and innovation. The final result is a comparison of the factors in manufacturing, service and R&D sourcing. Purpose – This paper is a literature review. Due to novelty of R&D sourcing in compare with tangible manufacturing sourcing and intangible service sourcing, and lots of models and procedures from manufacturing sourcing were modified in services sourcing, we tried to compare manufacturing and services sourcing bold aspects with R&D souring to find out the possibilities of such modifications. Additionally, exploring on the similarities and differences could lighten up sourcing strategy selection processes. Design/methodology/approach – Supply chain management is initiated in manufacturing companies, and then various methods, procedures and strategies are modified, developed, and applied at service sector organizations. Therefore, R&D supply chains can be understood by comparing various factors of manufacturing (tangible) and service (intangible) supply chains to find opportunities for modification or innovation in R&D supply chains. The supply chain is a system in which the input should pass out the processor to be converted into the appropriate output. Thus, in this study, inputs, outputs, and processors of supply chains are studied. Using the variation and range of supply chains factors as processor criteria, the most important characteristics of supply chains are studied: quality, cost, flexibility, competitiveness, resource utilization, and innovation. Findings – The result of the study is a general comparison of R&D, manufacturing, and service supply chains in terms of these criteria: quality, cost, flexibility, competitiveness, resource utilization, and innovation that gives a synergetic view points Originality/Value – Modifying and developing sourcing strategies and procedures in manufacturing and service sourcing are possible approaches. The possibilities and opportunities in R&D sourcing were evaluated. Subsequently, there are not any other researches which compare R&D sourcing with manufacturing and services.

In this study, a new nonlinear mathematical programming model of mixed integer was presented to formulate the problem of designing a sustainable closed loop supply chain, in which the three aspects of sustainability, i.e., social effect such as job creation, customer satisfaction, and distributors, environmental effects such as reducing air pollution, and economic effects such as reducing supply chain costs, increasing supply chain reliability, quality of returned products by customers, and product routing were considered. In order to solve the proposed model, a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm based on the distinctive features of gray wolf algorithm and genetic algorithm was proposed in addition to MOPSO and NSGA-II algorithms. After tuning their parameters by the Taguchi method, their performance in problems with different dimensions was tested and evaluated by MID, DM, and SM criteria. The results of statistical analysis of indices indicated that no significant difference between the performance of the three algorithms at 5% error level. In general, GW-NS, NSGA-II and MOPSO algorithms had better performance in terms of MID index, respectively. In addition, GW-NS, NSGA-II, and MOPSO algorithms performed better in terms of DM index. NSGA-II, MOPSO, and GW-NS algorithms performed better in terms of SM index, respectively. In addition, the variability of DM index in all three algorithms was almost the same, but in MID index, GW-NS algorithm, and in SM index, MOPSO algorithm had the highest change and less sustainability.

With the gradual deepening of China’s aging population, the status quo of “getting old before getting rich” has brought great challenges to the problem of elderly care. In this paper, we take the supply chain management of elderly services as the core and optimize the service cost and service quality through a two-layer planning model to obtain the best decision-making scheme. A particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO) is proposed to solve the model with intelligent evolution, and an incentive mechanism is established on the basis of the senior care supply chain, which maximizes its revenue by relying on the contract. Finally, by improving the SCORE model, data analysis and dynamic simulation of the senior care service supply chain can be carried out. The results show that the supply chain of senior care service reaches the optimization when the ratio of the capital input of community, institution and home is 0.2:0.2:0.6, and its equilibrium ratio stabilizes at about 96.0%:4%, which effectively alleviates the current pressure of senior care service. This study realizes the coordination of information and interests in the supply chain of community senior care service, which is of great practical significance for the innovation of healthy senior care service.

Planning for management actions that address threats to biodiversity is important for securing its long term persistence. However, systematic conservation planning (SCP) has traditionally overlooked this aspect and just focused on identifying priority areas without any recommendation on actions needed. This paper develops a mixed integer mathematical programming (MIP) approach for the multi-action management planning problem (MAMP), where the goal is to find an optimal combination of management actions that abate threats, in an efficient way while accounting for connectivity. An extended version of the MAMP model (MAMP-E) is also proposed that adds an expression for minimizing fragmentation between different actions. To evaluate the efficiency of the two models, they were applied to a case study corresponding to a large area of the Mitchell River in Northern Australia, where 45 species of freshwater fish are exposed to the presence of four threats. The evaluation compares our exact MIP approach with the conservation planning software Marxan and the heuristic approach developed in Cattarino et al. (2015). The results obtained show that our MIP models have three advantages over their heuristic counterparts: shorter execution times, higher solutions quality, and a solution quality guarantee. Hence, the proposed MIP methodology provides a more effective framework for addressing the multi-action conservation problem.

Cruise ship suppliers: A field study of the supplier relationship characteristics in a service supply chain