Multi-force effect on fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and entropy generation in a stratified fluid-saturated porous enclosure

Abstract

The present article proposes convective fluid flow dynamics of viscous dissipative heat and mass transfer in a doubly stratified fluid-saturated porous enclosure using novel mathematical models. The multiphysics associated with magnetohydrodynamic interaction of thermal and mass stratification forces in the free convective fluid flow makes this study crucial for several advanced applications. The heat and mass transfer assessment is incomplete until the directional propagation, and linked intensification of thermal fluxes are portrayed. Therefore, a novel mathematical model based on heat-function analogy is specially developed for the above multi-force effect on double-diffusive free convection in the stratified fluid flow. Additionally, entropy generation due to fluid friction; and diffusion of heat and mass fluxes have been modeled and analyzed to visualize the system’s thermodynamical attributes. On the numerical solution front, the Finite Element Method is used to solve the system of coupled non-linear partial differential equations with associated boundary conditions. The obtained results are visualized by the contour plots of streamlines, isotherms, and iso-concentrations. Especially, the convective transport of heat and mass flux is visually demonstrated using heatline and massline contour plots in addition to the cumulative Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Moreover, the entropy generation results are graphically delineated by contour plots of entropy due to fluid-friction, heat-transfer, and mass-transfer, along with the irreversibility criteria by Bejan numbers contour plots. Here, it can be noted that the intensive stratification forces generate a couple of contra-rotating bi-cellular flow patterns. And the magnetohydrodynamic forces lead to an impressive decline in entropy generation due to viscous dissipation.