Abstract
Cryptography is the art and science of making communications unintelligible to all except the intended receiver. Until recently, the use of cryptographic methods to secure communications has been the sole province of governments, but now, standard cipher systems have been developed in order to protect private data in computer and communication systems from unauthorized disclosure and modification. The study of modern cryptography embraces a number of scientific fields, notably computer science, electronics, logic, number theory, algebra and statistics. Our aim in this paper is to provide a broad introduction to the subject and to present some research topics and some of the most popular methods used today.
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