Abstract
Biomaterial engineering, specifically in bone implant and osseointegration, is currently facing a critical challenge regarding the response of cells to foreign objects and general biocompatibility of the materials used in the production of these implants. Using the developing technology of the laser surface treatment, this study investigates the effects of the laser repetition rate (frequency) on cell distribution across the surface of the titanium substrates. The main objective of this research is building a fundamental understanding of how cells interact with treated titanium and how different treatments affect cell accumulation. Cells respond differently to surfaces treated with different frequency lasers. The results of this research identify the influence of frequency on surface topography properties and oxidation of titanium, and their subsequent effects on the pattern of cell accumulation on its surface. Despite increased oxidation in laser-treated regions, the authors observe that fibroblast cells prefer untreated titanium to laser-treated regions, except the regions treated with 25 kHz pulses, which become preferentially colonized after 72 h.
Highlights
Cell behavior toward a foreign surface plays an important role in determining how the surrounding tissue will integrate or reject an implant, and in turn the quality, longevity, and functionality of a biomedical device
Using the developing technology of the laser surface treatment, this study investigates the effects of the laser repetition rate on cell distribution across the surface of the titanium substrates
Modifying the surface topography properties of an implant is an effective method for the enhancement of implant acceptance
Summary
Cell behavior toward a foreign surface plays an important role in determining how the surrounding tissue will integrate or reject an implant, and in turn the quality, longevity, and functionality of a biomedical device. This study concentrates on the effects of the laser frequency on the surface topography, surface chemistry, and oxide phase composition of titanium substrates, to investigate their effects on the enhancement of cell interactions on the titanium surface. This method can lead to a promising solution for the fabrication of better biomaterials and implants through commercialized nanosecond laser irradiation and have far-reaching applications in the medical industry
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