Abstract
To determine passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer that would protect chicks against Nigerian isolates of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV), five groups of chicks aged 30 days which had different antibody titers were challenged with a Nigerian isolate of virulent IBDV. Mortality rates of the different groups were plotted against their respective mean PHA antibody titers. A group with zero antibody titer had a mortality rate of 75% while those with PHA antibody titers of 185.6, 243.2, 256 and 307.2 had mortality rates of 40%, zero, zero and zero respectively. Linear equation generated for a line of best fit of the graph of mortality rates of the chicks on their IBD antibody titers gave antibody titer (X) at which mortality (Y) would be zero as 300. A mortality of 75% and the high antibody level needed to protect chicks suggest that the isolate may be a hypervirulent strain.
Highlights
Infectious Bursa Disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of young chickens
Equation for relationship between IBD antibody titers and mortality rates resulting from challenge with the Nigerian isolate of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV) is: Y =75 - 0.25X (Gujarati, 2000), where Y = Mortality rate and X= Mean passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer of the chicks
That hypervirulent variants of the IBDV are circulating in Nigeria has been reported [10]
Summary
Infectious Bursa Disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of young chickens. The virus attacks primarily lymphoid cells, especially B-cells. Lymphoid tissues of the cloacal bursa are most severely affected [1]. Clinical signs of IBD in chicks include ruffled feathers, trembling, depression, diarrhea, pecking of the vent. Fever starts 48 hours post infection but body temperature drops below normal just before death. The disease runs its full course in about 7 days [2,3,4,5,6,7]
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