Mortality estimates in the elderly burn patients: The Northern Ireland experience

Abstract

There is a relative paucity of mortality data in the medical literature from UK burn units. The objective of this study was to audit our mortality in the elderly during a 10-year period and compare it with the most robust data available in the UK from Birmingham. Data were collected on all patients 65 years of age and older between 1st January 1996 and 31st December 2005. Data included age, burn size, cause of thermal injury, outcome (survival/death) and the expected mortality derived from the revised Bull mortality grid. Notes on 143 patients were available for review. The mean age was 76.7 years and the maximum burn size treated was 65%. Ten patients were diagnosed with smoke inhalation. All but 22 patients had a pre-morbid condition, predominantly cardiovascular disease. Surgical procedures were performed on 113 patients. We performed excision and grafting of burned tissue, in 50% of patients, within 72 h of sustaining thermal injury. There were 18 deaths in the group while the expected number of deaths was estimated to be 33. This difference was found to be statistically significant ( x 2 = 8.92, d.f. = 1, p < 0.005). In conclusion, our experience has shown better survival in the elderly than was expected. This we mainly attribute to an aggressive therapy approach including admission to the intensive care unit and early surgery.