Abstract
Abstract Acanthococcus (type species: A. antarcticus J.D. Hooker et Harvey), from southern South America and the Falkland Islands, is shown to be correctly placed in the Cystocloniaceae. Geographically remote from other members of the family, Acanthococcus is readily distinguished anatomically from the other genera. Successive axial cells each initiate a single cortical filament in an alternate-distichous arrangement. Periaxial and inner cortical cells first produce ascending rhizoids that form a bundle around the central axis. At a greater distance from the apex, the rhizoids may branch extensively between inflated medullary and inner cortical cells. Carpogonial branches are straight, 3-celled, with hypogynous cells initially broader than the basal cells. The supporting cell elongates after fertilization, cortical cells distal to the auxiliary cell are transformed into a nutritive tissue, and short files of nutritive filaments produced secondarily from vegetative cells surround the supporting cell. Termi...
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