Abstract
Two inter-subspecific F1 hybrids have been obtained by crossing olive cultivars (‘Frantoio’ and ‘Coratina’) with pollen donors from olive subspecies (Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata) to enrich the germplasm of cultivated olive in southern China. This study aimed to investigate the characterization of morphological traits and molecular markers in the two hybrids and their parents of crosses. The morphological study showed a significant difference between genotypes according to the main discriminative parameters on qualitative and quantitative traits of leaf, fruit, and endocarp. A set of six co-dominant polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were used for molecular identification, and SSR analysis confirmed that two progenies were the offspring of their cited parents based on the presence of parental specific SSR alleles. Three single-copy nuclear loci (SCNL) primer pairs were used for amplification of single-copy genes in the two progenies and their parents and after then PCR products were sequenced. Sequence alignment analysis on the effective data showed a total of 15 different base sites between two progenies, which were confirmed as true inter-specific hybrids between olive cultivars and subsp. cuspidata.
Highlights
The olive tree has continued to spread outside the Mediterranean Basin (MB), and today it is farmed in places as far removed from its origins as southern Africa, Australia, Japan, and China (IOC)
The results of morphological characterization showed the specific differences between two olive cultivars, ‘Frantoio’, ‘Coratina’, and subsp. cuspidata on leaf, fruit and endocarp
Five samples composed of two olive cultivars introduced from Italy, subsp. cuspidata from southern China and two F1 hybrids obtained from two genetic combinations were investigated morphologically, measuring both qualitative and quantitative traits of leaf, fruit and endocarp and at the molecular level by simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers and single-copy nuclear loci (SCNL)
Summary
Native to the Mediterranean region, tropical and central Asia, and various parts of Africa, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is demonstrated to have originated from Levant in the Middle East, after which several differentiations occurred, the most cited of which was from the East to the West Mediterranean and spread to the surrounding areas from there several millennia ago [1,2,3,4,5]. Europaea; Oleaceae) is the most iconic tree of the Mediterranean Basin (MB) as an economically significant species and a keystone of traditional Mediterranean agriculture [6,7,8]. The olive tree has continued to spread outside the MB, and today it is farmed in places as far removed from its origins as southern Africa, Australia, Japan, and China (IOC). The recurrent selection for high production in the original local region filtered potentially valuable genetic variants and associated phenotypes out of olive
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