Abstract
Poultry industry is the promising sub-sector in livestock, which has been expanding day by day. Among the poultry species, backyard chicken is one of the appropriate incomes generating species in rural areas of Bangladesh. Parasitic infections have been considered as one of the major hindrances for backyard chicken rearing. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of backyard chicken in some selected areas of Bangladesh through their detailed morphological identification. A total number of 108 gastrointestinal tracts were examined for helminths from April 2018 to July 2018. The collected helminths were identified according to the keys and description of Yamaguti (1961) and Soulsby (1982). A high rate of helminth infection (100%) was observed in backyard chickens in Bangladesh. One cestode, Raillietina tetragona (67.59%); two nematodes, Ascaridia galli (43.51%) and Heterakis gallinarum (28.70%); and two trematodes, Catatropis verrucosa (21.29%) and Echinostoma revolutum (6.48%) were encountered during the study. Most of the helminths were recovered from small intestine followed by caecum. All five species of helminths were found from Dhaka and Pabna, but surprisingly no trematodes were found from Bandarban. Out of 108 chickens, 29.62% were infected with single species of helminths while the rest 70.38% harbored mixed infections. This work strongly suggests that helminths create serious problems in backyard chicken as they hamper production and therefore, appropriate control strategies are needed to design for better production.
 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 145-155, April 2021
Highlights
Poultry, especially chicken is one of the most intensively reared domesticated species, and is the most profitable livestock production businesses (FAO, 1987)
Poultry diseases are the major hindrances for poultry production, resulting in decrease economic returns, and may ; negatively affect the development of the industry (Abebe et al, 1997)
The worms had two well-developed unequal spicules at the posterior end (Fig. 1d). All of these morphological characteristics correspond to the properties to the Genus Ascaridia, and the Species A. galli
Summary
Especially chicken is one of the most intensively reared domesticated species, and is the most profitable livestock production businesses (FAO, 1987). Helminthosis is considered to be the most important disease of backyard chicken, and are considered as the major cause of ill-health and loss of productivity in different parts of the world (Yimer et al, 2001) This problem is seen wherever poultry are raised, whether in large commercial operations or in small backyard flocks, economic losses due to the parasites can be significant (Fatihu et al, 1991). Gastrointestinal parasites which invade the host possess morphological and physiological features such as small thread like cylindrical body; hooks and hard body cuticle enhance their adaptation to long living and existence in their hosts These parasites constitute a major factor limiting factor for the poultry industry (Soulsby, 1982)
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