Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have gained significant interest in recent years due to their potential for biomedical applications, owing to their distinctive and tunable photoluminescence properties, remarkable physicochemical properties, high photostability, good biocompatibility, and small size. This article aims to explain the state-of-the-art outcomes in this rapidly evolving field and to deliver critical insights which will lead to further progress. In this article, the latest developments on synthesis, functionalization, key features, and cytotoxicity of GQDs have been presented followed by providing a focused overview on their current biological applications. Challenges and prospects in the developments of GQDs for biological applications are also discussed.
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