Abstract
†Knightia brasiliensis, a small clupeoid fish found in the Tertiary beds of Nova Iorque, State of Maranhão (Brazil), is morphologically redescribed in detail. It is separated from nominal species of †Knightia, including the type-species †Knightia eoceana from the Lower Eocene of Wyoming, mainly by the absence of dorsal scutes, presence of two supramaxillae, and one epural, and is therefore placed in a new genus, †Paleopiquitinga gen. nov. The caudal skeleton of †Paleopiquitinga gen. nov. shows some advanced features (one epural, parhypurapophysis, and pleurostyle) in comparison with other well-known fossil clupeomorphs from the Cretaceous and Tertiary of South America and Africa, and a combination of features indicates the placement of †Paleopiquitinga gen. nov. within the family Clupeidae. Although uncertainties about polarity of characters within the Clupeidae render the relationships of †Paleopiquitinga gen. nov. difficult to establish at present, certain features indicate a close relationship with the extant Atlantic and East-Pacific genus Lile.
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