Abstract
Synthetic dyes can cause health and environmental impacts. Thus, there are opportunities to develop natural dyes, one of which is produced by Indigofera tinctoria plants. This plant is from Fabaceae that has the potential to produce a natural blue color. Natural dyes are extracted from the leaves of plants that contain indigo compounds. Indigo growth and precursors are very dependent on environmental conditions, one of which is light intensity. This study aimed to study the morphological and physiological plant responses in I. tinctoria to several levels of light intensity. The research was conducted in Puron Village, Sukoharjo, Indonesia with a complete randomized block design (RCBD) one factor, namely the level of light intensity (100 %, 50 %, and 25 %) with nine replications. Light intensity affected the morphology and physiology of I. tinctoria. Plants responded to low light intensity by increasing the leaf area index, specific leaf area and plant height. Leaf area, specific leaf area and plant height were highest at 25 % intensity. However, the number of leaves and nodes got greater at full light intensity. Higher light intensity increased the chlorophyll content a, b and total, thus, higher biomass yield which was 18.86 g at the age of 8 wk.
Highlights
Textile industries use synthetic dye for dying medium
Adaptation of plants to low light intensity would affect the morphology, anatomy, and physiology of plants, including an increase in leaf area and plant height as an effort to reduce the use of metabolites, and reduce the light transmitted and reflected [11]
Plants responded to low light intensity by increasing plant height, leaf area index, specific leaf area
Summary
Textile industries use synthetic dye for dying medium. Synthetic medium has some benefits in terms of characteristics; bright color, dissolves in water, cheaper to produce, and easier to apply on fabric [1]. The waste from these industries contains various types of synthetic dyes. The waste is considered a pollutant [2]. The waste treatment process is not yet efficient. It can cause serious environmental problems in connection with the reuse of wastewater for irrigation. Applying proper treatment process is very important in order to minimize pollution, one of which is by developing the production of the Indigofera tinctorial L. plant to be used as natural dyes
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