Monohydroxy bile salt sulfates: Tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate-3-sulfate induces intrahepatic cholestasis in rats

Abstract

The biologic effects of sulfation of tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate and of taurolithocholate were compared. Equimolar amounts (100 nmol/min · 100 g body wt) of the following were administered intravenously to male Sprague-Dawley rats over a 180-min period: taurolithocholate, [14C]taurolithocholate-3-sulfate, tauro-3)β3-hydroxy-5-cholenoate, [14C]tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate-3-sulfate, its combination with taurocholate, and a saline-albumin solution (control). Sulfation of taurolithocholate and of tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate only prevented the cholestatic effect of the former. Bile flow during infusion of [14C]tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate-3-sulfate was reduced by 80% at the end of the experiment. A dose-dependent bile flow reduction was demonstrated. Recovery of the administered bile acid was 3% in urine, 13% in serum, 23% in the liver tissue, and 52% in bile, respectively. Excretion of biliary cholesterol and phospholipids was significantly reduced during the first hour of infusion. Coadministration of taurocholate abolished the cholestatic effect and enhanced the renal excretion of the sulfated bile salt. These data suggest that (a) the cholestatic effect of tauro-3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoate-3-sulfate is comparable with or may even exceed the effect of taurolithocholate and (b) although sulfation renders some bile salts more water soluble, it does not prevent the cholestatic effect of all monohydroxy bile salts.