Abstract
The state of the art of monoclonal antibody specifications and blending characteristics needed to produce high quality reagents are described for ABO, RhD and polyspecific anti-human globulin (AHG) reagents. Some interesting advances have been made. Thus some murine monoclonal anti-As (e.g. MH04) see Ax. Also, they may show feeble reactions with the traces of A on some group B cells (the B(A) phenomenon) and the quality control of these reagents is discussed. The use of anti-A,B reagents is now debatable as monoclonal anti-A/anti-B reagents are now more reliable than conventional reagents for detecting weak sub-groups of A and B. RhD typing by saline routine and rapid tests can now be performed with IgM monoclonal anti-D reagents (e.g. MAD-2), but the old problem of Du and D variants is discussed as IgM anti-D is not reliable for their detection. Monoclonal anti-C3c/C3d or just selected anti-C3d (BRIC-8) blended with rabbit anti-IgG make excellent potent clean AHG reagents. The essential false positive test of fresh serum incubated with CPD-A1 red cells from donor pack segment lines is essential for the adjustment and evaluation of AHG reagents. Selected monoclonal anti-M, anti-N, anti-Le a and Le b are established as excellent typing reagents and monoclonal antibodies have now been developed to e, E, K, k and other red cell antigens.
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