Abstract
Four aphid species belonging to the Tribe Fordini (Homoptera, Aphididae, Eriosomatinae) induce galls on Pistacia trees in North Iraq (Kurdistan) were recorded in this study. Molecular phylogeny of Iraq Fordini species was constructed for These species (Forda riccobonii, Paracletus cimiciformis, Baizongia pistaciae and Forda marginata), based on sequences of mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene of these aphid species to detect the relationship and taxonomy of Iraqi species for tribe Fordini. Our results confirmed that each of Forda and Paracletus are a sister genus, or monophyletic group by designing in same clade, while B. pistaciae is separate from other clades, supporting the taxonomic division of the tribe Fordini into two subtribes (Fordina and Baizongina).
Highlights
The genus Pistacia belongs to a cosmopolitan family “Anacardiaceae, this family include about 70 genera and over 600 species [24]
Almost all the species in Fordini are gall-forming and stimulate species-specific galls on their primary hosts, whereas the primary hosts for all species are full within two genera, Pistacia and Rhus, which belong to Anacardiaceae
Among the whole Aphididae, only Eriosomatinae, Hormaphidinae and some species of Aphidinae produce galls [7], Galls of Fordini are significantly variable in morphology and position, fascinatingly, are species-specific [32], since the gall founder, fundatrix forms a uniqueshaped gall in a species-specific manner, the galling aphid species can usually be identified exclusively based on the gall morphology [21]
Summary
The genus Pistacia belongs to a cosmopolitan family “Anacardiaceae, this family include about 70 genera and over 600 species [24]. In India Chakrabarti, [10, 11] listed four species of aphids on Pistacia trees included Forda riccobonii; F. marginata; Baizongia pistaciae and Geoica urticularia.
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