Abstract
Plant tissue culture is one of the most important methods used for effective conservation of many rare and endangered orchids. Genetic variation may appear in regenerants due to numerous factors associated with in vitro culture conditions. Assessment of genetic stability of in vitro regenerants is highly essential if true to type plants are the desired end product. In the present investigation, genetic homogeneity testing of micropropagated Dendrobium chrysotoxum was performed using 12 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 11 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. Molecular marker analysis unveiled high genetic monomorphism (96.30%) and low genetic polymorphism (3.6%) among the in vitro clones and mother plant. Nei's genetic distance ranged from 0.00 to 0.037 disclosing high genetic similarity between the clones. Dendrograms generated from RAPD and ISSR marker analysis also revealed high genetic proximity with mother plant and micropropagated clones. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) further confirmed the grouping of plants in accordance with the cluster analysis determined by unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) analysis. The study reported the successful clonal fidelity assessment of micropropagated D. chrysotoxum using RAPD and ISSR markers.
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