Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify Fusarium species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex from rice, sugarcane and maize as most of the Fusarium species in the species complex are found on the three crops. Isolates used were collected from the field and obtained from culture collection. The Fusarium isolates were initially sorted based on morphology and identifications confirmed based on the DNA sequence of the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF-1α) gene. Based on the closest match of BLAST analysis, five species were recovered, namely, F. sacchari, F. fujikuroi, F. proliferatum, F. andiyazi and F. verticillioides. This is the first report regarding F. andiyazi from rice in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. The phylogenetic tree generated by using the neighbor joining method showed that isolates from the same species were grouped in the same clade. The present study indicated that Fusarium species in the G. fujikuroi species complex are widespread in rice, sugarcane and maize in Peninsular Malaysia. The findings also suggest that the use of morphological characters for identification of Fusarium species in the G. fujikuroi species complex from the three crops will lead to incorrect species designation.
Highlights
Diseases caused by Fusarium species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex are among the most common diseases reported on agricultural crops worldwide
The present study indicated that Fusarium species in the G. fujikuroi species complex are widespread in rice, sugarcane and maize in Peninsular Malaysia
In Peninsular Malaysia, several species of Fusarium in the species complex such as F. verticillioides, F. sacchari, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. fujikuroi have been implicated in diseases of several agricultural crops including rice, sugarcane and maize [1,2,3]
Summary
Diseases caused by Fusarium species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex are among the most common diseases reported on agricultural crops worldwide. In Peninsular Malaysia, several species of Fusarium in the species complex such as F. verticillioides, F. sacchari, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. fujikuroi have been implicated in diseases of several agricultural crops including rice, sugarcane and maize [1,2,3]. Studies of Fusarium species on agricultural crops in Peninsular Malaysia has been based mainly on morphological characters which could lead to incorrect species designation. There are limits on the use of morphological characters for the identification of species in the G. fujikuroi species complex as some species have very similar morphology, for example F. proliferatum and F. fujikuroi, F. sacchari and F. subglutinans as well as F. verticillioides and F. andiyazi. Differences in DNA sequences of genes have been used to support morphological identification of Fusarium species. Phylogenetic analysis on DNA sequences has been used to distinguish and to evaluate the genetic relationship among closely related Fusarium species [5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
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