Abstract
Summary In 2022, during potato cyst nematode surveys in several departments of Bolivia, the potato cyst nematode Globodera ellingtonae Handoo et al., 2012 was detected for the first time in Bolivia from potato fields located in the Department of Tarija. Cysts and second-stage juveniles of the Bolivian populations were morphologically and morphometrically similar to those of the USA (Oregon and Idaho) and Argentina. Nine new ITS rRNA, 15 COI, 13 cytb gene sequences of G. ellingtonae from ten Bolivian populations were obtained in this study. The phylogenetic analyses of the ITS rRNA and cytb genes showed that all Bolivian sequences clustered together and formed a major clade with other G. ellingtonae sequences from Argentina, Chile and the USA. Molecular results confirmed the hypothesis that the mountain region in southern Bolivia, northwest Argentina and northern Chile could be considered as an ancient centre of origin of G. ellingtonae. The present molecular results suggested that G. ellingtonae was likely introduced into the USA from Chile, rather than from Bolivia and Argentina.
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