Abstract
Publisher Summary The brine shrimp Artemia possesses an unusual reproductive cycle. This chapter discusses the molecular aspects of development in the brine shrimp Artemia . The molecular aspects of development examined in the chapter are (1) the amount and activity of polypeptide-chain-initiation-factors in embryos before and after the resumption of development; (2) the nature of the stored message; (3) the way transcripts are selected for translation; and (4) changes in mRNA content during the early stages of development. Polypeptide-chain initiation is also outlined in the chapter. The first two steps in the initiation process are the recognition of the initiator tRNA by chain-initiation-factor 2 (eIF2) and the selection of a message in the formation of 40-S initiation complex. Several ancillary factors stimulate eIF2 activity in the formation and binding of the ternary complex (eIF2.GTP.Met-tRNAf) to 40-S ribosomal subunits. After the formation of the 40-S preinitiation complex, the message with its cap-binding proteins binds to the ribosomal subunit to form the 40-S initiation complex. Recruitment of a message by mRNA-binding proteins is influenced by the nature of the message, which may include capping, methylation, secondary structure, or proteins associated with the RNA.
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