Abstract
The purpose — to systematize the modern concepts of diagnosis and treatment for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disorder. Material and methods. A search for modern publications was carried out using electronic scientific databases PubMed, Science Direct Open Access, Free Medical Journals. Keywords such as MOG-IgG-associated disorder, MOG-encephalomyelitis, MОG-antibody-associated disease were used for search of literature. Modern publications on the nomenclature, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of MOG-IgG-associated disorder as well as scientific works devoted to the history of the study of this problem published in the period from 1987 to 2020 were selected and analyzed. Results. The diagnosis of MOG-IgG-associated disease is based on a combination of clinical, neuroimaging and laboratory assessments with exclusion of alternative conditions. There are many challenges in pathogenesis and nomenclature. Diagnostic criteria were published in 2018. Presence of certain indications is advisable for conducting a blood serum test for MOG-IgG according to the international recommendations. The key diagnostic test proposed is antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) detected in serum with cell-based assays (indirect fluorescence test or fluorescence-activating cell sorting) with strictly employing conformationally intact full-length human MOG as target antigen. There are no generally accepted standards of therapy.The approaches to therapy recommended by various expert working groups are based on the protocols for the management of patients with AQP4-IgG-positive forms of neuromyelitisoptica spectrum disorder. Conclusion. MOG-IgG-associated disorder is a recently proposed group of inflammatory demyelinating syndromes which are different from other demyelinating diseases. Currently it is advisable to use the diagnostic criteria published in 2018. Current knowledge allowed formulating recommendations for laboratory diagnostics which have limited availability in everyday practice. Treatment issues need to be systematized after achieving eхpert consensus.
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