Abstract
This is a study of the possible modulational instability of electromagnetic waves in meteoroid wakes associated with the dust acoustic mode at altitudes of 80–120 km, which is a linear stage of modulational interaction. The parameters of meteoroid wakes at different altitudes in the Earth’s ionosphere are considered. It is shown that the charging of dust particles of meteoric matter creates conditions for the occurrence of dust acoustic waves. Dust acoustic disturbances are excited due to the modulational instability of electromagnetic waves from the meteoric trail. The influence of neutrals on the development of modulational interaction is taken into account. The concentration of neutrals in meteoric wakes is higher than the concentration of neutrals in the Earth’s ionosphere. It has been found that the condition for the excitation of a dust acoustic wave is satisfied for the typical parameters of dusty plasma of meteoroid wakes at altitudes of 100–120 km. Due to collisions between dust and neutrals, the development of modulation instability is suppressed at altitudes of 80–90 km, while inelastic collisions of neutrals with electrons and ions do not affect the development of modulational instability. The modulational instability of electromagnetic waves can explain the occurrence of low-frequency noise during the passage of meteoric bodies in a frequency range characteristic of dust acoustic waves. It is shown that the modulation instability has time to develop for characteristic temperatures and particle concentrations in meteoroid wakes. Equations for the charging of dust particles in meteoroid wakes are given. It has been found that the dust is positively charged, both in the daytime and at night, due to intense emission currents from the surface of dust particles.
Highlights
Meteoric matter can break up, melt down, and evaporate due to the collision of ionospheric atoms with a meteoric body when meteoroids enter into the atmosphere
This paper proposes that low-frequency noise from meteoroid passages can be explained by the development of modulational instability of electromagnetic waves from meteoric bodies associated with dust acoustic mode (Kopnin and Popel, 2008; Borisov et al, 2019; Kopnin et al, 2015)
An explanation is proposed for the occurrence of low-frequency noise from the passage of meteoroids due to modulational instability of electromagnetic waves associated with dust acoustic mode
Summary
Meteoric matter can break up, melt down, and evaporate due to the collision of ionospheric atoms with a meteoric body when meteoroids enter into the atmosphere. The low-frequency range, at frequencies up to 60 Hz, is typical for dust acoustic waves, and processes associated with charged dust particles can cause these oscillations This mechanism may explain the low-frequency oscillations recorded during the passage of meteoric bodies. In this regard, it is necessary to consider the mechanisms of dust-particle charging and to study the possible formation of dust acoustic oscillations and their excitation due to the modulational instability, the linear stage of the modulational interaction. This paper proposes that low-frequency noise from meteoroid passages can be explained by the development of modulational instability of electromagnetic waves from meteoric bodies associated with dust acoustic mode (Kopnin and Popel, 2008; Borisov et al, 2019; Kopnin et al, 2015).
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