Abstract
Periodic activity patterns or oscillations within the gamma frequency band (20–80 Hz) have been implicated in sensory processing and cognition in many areas of the cerebral cortex, including primary visual cortex (V1). Although periodic activity appears to be a hallmark of cortical neurons, little is known about the dynamics of these activity patterns as signals progress within local cortical circuits. This study compares the strength of periodic activity between neurons in the input and output stages of cortical processing – neurons in layers 4 and 6 – of V1 in the alert macaque monkey. Our results demonstrate that while both populations of neurons display significant gamma-band activity, this activity increases from the input to output layers of the cortex. These data suggest that local cortical circuits enhance periodic activity within a cortical area.
Highlights
Correlated patterns of activity within and between cortical neurons are among the more robust phenomena in the cerebral cortex
Using two modes of electrical stimulation in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), we identified 39 input neurons that were post-synaptic to geniculocortical afferents and 58 output neurons that provided corticogeniculate feedback to the LGN
Our goal was to determine whether temporal correlations in ongoing activity differ across distinct populations of cortical neurons located at different levels of the local cortical architecture
Summary
Correlated patterns of activity within and between cortical neurons are among the more robust phenomena in the cerebral cortex (see for review Bartos et al, 2007; Engel et al, 2001). Visual cortical neurons display increased gamma-band activity with spatial attention (Womelsdorf and Fries, 2007). While these studies highlight the prevalence of periodic activity patterns across cortical areas, little is known about how these patterns of activity vary across the local circuit architecture within a cortical area. We address this question by examining on-going activity patterns among neurons located at the input and output stages of V1
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