Modelling the Factor Influence on the Satisfaction with Domestic Tourism at the Black Sea Resorts – Statistical Findings for Bulgaria

The purpose of this study is bi-fold. First, the study tries to analyse the contribution of travel determinants in explaining the satisfaction of domestic medical tourists. Second, the study tries to examine the relationship between the satisfaction and loyalty of domestic medical tourists and the mediating effect of attitude towards this relation. A total of 125 responses from domestic tourists from Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospitals, Delhi-NCR, were obtained to draw conclusion. The study hypotheses were tested by following the SEM approach. The study findings revealed that the medical team, service quality, and hospital infrastructure are significantly satisfying travel determinants of medical tourists. However, the touristic services travel determinant was found insignificant to satisfy the medical tourists. Further, findings revealed that the link between satisfaction and loyalty is partially mediated by attitude. Thus, indicating that satisfaction plays a vital role in terms of both direct and indirect effects on the loyalty of medical tourists toward medical tourism destinations. The study offers a comprehensive model to predict loyalty based on satisfaction and attitude, presenting valuable insights for improving service quality in medical tourism. The regional focus on Delhi-NCR augments a contextual relevance, contributing new perspectives to the global medical tourism literature.

Stimulating domestic tourism is a priority in the development of the tourism industry in Bulgaria. The share of the population's expenditure on travel within the country averages 69% of total travel expenditure. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyse the attractiveness, effectiveness, and significance of the national Black Sea resorts for domestic tourism. The data used in the present paper are published and accessible at the web site of the National Statistical Institute of Republic of Bulgaria. To examine the main tendencies in the yearly time series, concerning the Bulgarian Black Sea resorts, we have used statistical analysis of the trend cycle. The selected indicators used for analyses are bed-places in the accommodation establishments in the Bulgarian national Black Sea resorts, arrivals in accommodation establishments, nights spent, revenue from the nights spent and average daily rate per person. The results of the present analysis confirm some trends regarding tourists' attitudes towards domestic tourism and that the resorts offer a pricing policy to attract Bulgarian tourists. The analysis shows the potential of domestic tourism to recover the tourism industry in crises.

This study examines a model for domestic tourists exploring Terengganu. The Terengganu Tourism Department is tasked with increasing tourist numbers, enhancing their expenditures through heightened allure and superior services, creating an indelible experiential milieu, and establishing Terengganu as a prominent destination. However, recent statistics depict Terengganu as experiencing a diminutive influx of domestic tourists and corresponding tourism receipts compared to other states. In 2018, Terengganu ranked ninth in domestic tourist visitations and associated receipts. Hence, this study aims to ascertain the determinants influencing behavioral loyalty among domestic tourists towards Kuala Terengganu. Data collection transpired through an online questionnaire deployed via Google Forms, synchronized with the global advent of COVID-19, which precipitated ramifications across nations. Respondents included domestic tourists visiting Kuala Terengganu. Data analysis involved 201 respondents, using structural equation modeling. The empirical findings describe that the attractiveness of the destination substantiates a discernible impact on tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, the outcomes highlight that tourist satisfaction exerts a noteworthy influence on eWord-of-mouth (eWOM) and behavioral loyalty. The findings indicate that tourist satisfaction comprehensively mediates the relationship between destination attractiveness and both eWOM and behavioral loyalty. It asserts that Kuala Terengganu’s distinctiveness from competing Malaysian destinations is facilitated by destination attractiveness, involving recreational amenities, leisure facilities, infrastructural attributes, and overall appeal. Consequently, proficient promotional strategies can be devised by Tourism Terengganu, accentuating the advantageous and captivating features of Kuala Terengganu’s attractions. These aspects are strategically tailored to resonate with the cognitive and emotional assessments of domestic tourists, instigating a proclivity to recurrently choose Kuala Terengganu as their preferred travel destination.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of destination image and tourist facilities on Revisit Intention and Recommendation Intention through Domestic Tourist Satisfaction at Lake Toba Tourism Destinations. The population in this study is domestic tourists. This study will be tested on tourists visiting tourist destinations on Lake Toba during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample size in this study was calculated from the size of the indicator multiplied by 5 to 10. Because this study used 4 construct variables with a total of 55 indicators, the sample required in this study was at least 55 x 5 = 275, people. The types of data collected to support the variables studied are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, and documentation studies. The data analysis method used is the Structural Equation Model from the LISREL 8.80 statistical software package. The results of the study show that the image of tourist destinations and facilities has a significant positive effect on tourist satisfaction. Tourism facilities have a significant positive effect on Recommended Intention. Destination Image and Tourist Satisfaction have a significant positive effect on Revisit Intention. Tourist satisfaction has a positive effect on recommended intention significantly. Satisfaction can positively mediate the effect of Destination Image on Revisit Intention and tourist satisfaction can positively mediate the influence of tourist facilities on the Revisit Intention of Domestic Tourists at Lake Toba Tourism Destinations.

This study explores the factors that affect domestic tourist attachment to dark tourism destinations by developing a hybrid model using several methods, including structural equation modeling (SEM) and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), predicated on attachment theory. The study collected data from 60 tourism experts and 622 domestic tourists. The study found that tourist motivation, national identity, tourism impacts, and destination attachment are all crucial factors that explain domestic tourist behavior towards dark tourism. The results of the mediation analysis indicate that destination attachment mediates the relationship between tourist motivation, national identity, and negative tourism impact with tourist satisfaction. The FAHP results show that place identity has the highest influence while place dependence has the lowest influence in shaping domestic tourists' selection of dark tourist destinations. The study's findings provide valuable insights for tour operators and destination managers to meet domestic tourists' expectations of dark tourism, adding to the existing knowledge related to the factors that impact dark tourism.

This study aims to explain the effect of destination image, experiential marketing, and digital marketing communications on tourist satisfaction and the implications for domestic tourist loyalty to beach tourism objects on Bangka Island. This research is quantitative research with descriptive and verification methods. The study's sample consisted of 305 domestic tourist respondents who visited beach tourism objects on Bangka Island using a proportional random sampling technique, and sample size using maximum likelihood estimation. A questionnaire was used to obtain the data and a causality approach was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using Lisrel 8.8. The results of the study show that the image of the destination, experiential marketing, and digital marketing communications have a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction with an R2 value of 63%, and destination image, experiential marketing, digital marketing communications, and tourist satisfaction together have a positive and significant effect on domestic tourist loyalty to beach tourism objects in Bangka Island with an R2 value of 54%. The results of this study prove that the tourist satisfaction variable is an intervening variable that has a positive full mediating effect on destination image, experiential marketing, and digital marketing communications on domestic tourist loyalty to beach tourism objects on Bangka Island. Keywords: Destination Image, Experiential Marketing, Digital Marketing Communication, Tourist Satisfaction, and Tourist Loyalty.

Problems that arise in the Lembang Floating Market with the presence of new competitors for man made tourist destinations in the city of Bandung which have caused a decrease in tourist visits to Lembang Floating Market and also the inability of the Lembang Floating Market to provide a positive experience for tourists who come who are dissatisfied. Therefore, this study aims to 1) explain the influence of customer experience on tourist satisfaction at the Lembang Floating Market, 2) the influence of tourist satisfaction on their loyalty to the Lembang Floating Market, 3) the influence of customer experience on tourist loyalty at the Lembang Floating Market, 4) to explain the influence of customer experience on tourist loyalty through tourist satisfaction. The sample in this study was 100 respondents from domestic tourists. Determining respondents based on accidental sampling and the data analysis method used is a quantitative approach in the form of a structural equation model (SEM) with the SmartPLS version 3.0 analysis tool which is measured using a Likert scale. The results of this study indicate that a) customer experience has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction, b) tourist satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on tourist loyalty, c) customer experience has a positive and significant effect on tourist loyalty at Floating Market Lembang Bandung, d) customers experience has a positive and significant effect on tourist loyalty through tourist satisfaction. Suggestions for the manager of the Lembang Floating Market is to maintain and improve the customer experience obtained by visiting tourists because this strategy will have a positive effect on tourist satisfaction and loyalty in the future.
 Keywords: Customer Experience, Tourist Satisfaction, Satisfaction, Tourist Loyalty.

PurposeThis study addresses a critical aspect of tourism in Arunachal Pradesh, India, by investigating how tour quality impacts on tourist satisfaction of domestic tourists. As one of the least explored regions of the country, Arunachal Pradesh holds immense tourism potential. Understanding the factors that contribute to tourist satisfaction, particularly the role of tour quality, is of paramount importance for enhancing the region's appeal as a sought-after travel destination.Design/methodology/approachThe study was operationalized using survey questionnaires from domestic tourists (n = 200) visiting Ziro Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, India. A convenient sampling method was adopted for the study. Ordinary least square structural equation modeling (OLS-SEM) was used to measure the relationships.FindingsThe findings show that tourist expectations and tourist motivation influence tour quality and consequently impact the overall satisfaction of tourists.Practical implicationsThis study extended the existing literature on tourist satisfaction in the domain of travel and tour by demonstrating the significance of tourist expectations and motivations on tour quality and tourist satisfaction. The findings offer insights for stakeholders seeking to enhance destinations' image, tour quality and overall tourist satisfaction.Originality/valueThis paper provides original contributions to the field of tourism by examining the effect of tour quality on tourist satisfaction. It integrates the factors, namely tourist expectations and motivations, into the analysis, offering insights into delivering customized tour experiences that meet tourists' needs.

Purpose This study examined the role of family-owned restaurants in Penang as bridges between communities and tourists, analysing how consumption values – authenticity, sensory experience, hygiene, appearance and nutrition – influence satisfaction and eWOM. Using the S-O-R model, tourist satisfaction was positioned as a mediating mechanism linking local food values to behavioural outcomes such as loyalty and eWOM. Design/methodology/approach Study data were obtained from a survey of 329 international and domestic tourists who sampled local cuisine at family-owned restaurants in Penang Island, Malaysia. The study analysed the relationships between determinants of local food consumption, tourist satisfaction, and eWOM engagement using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Findings The findings indicate that while all determinants significantly enhanced tourist satisfaction, but only authenticity and sensory experience exerted a direct influence on eWOM, with the remaining factors contributing indirectly through the mediating effect of satisfaction. Practical implications The results offer valuable insights for strategic policy making, providing a pioneering technique to develop tourist satisfaction and the sustainability of gastronomy tourism. Originality/value This study advances gastronomy tourism research by refining the S-O-R model, establishing tourist satisfaction as a key mediator, and underscoring the influence of eWOM. The results contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of tourist behaviour in food-related travel and provide a foundation for future research on sustainable culinary tourism. Moreover, the study highlights that despite extensive scholarship on family businesses, their role within tourism and hospitality remains underexplored.

This paper tries to find the influence of tourist perceptions and values consisting of functional, emotional and social on tourist satisfaction and interest in revisiting the tourist attraction in central java. The object in this research paper is a tourist attraction named Pesona Trukan in Bagelen District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java. The sample of this study is 100 people who were domestic tourists who visited the location of the tourist attraction. Accidental sampling method is a technique used in data collection. The data is sourced from questionnaires and is the main data used in the research. The research variables consist of (1) Tourist perceptions of tourist attractions; (2) Value perception (functional, emotional, and social); (3) Tourist satisfaction, and; (4) Interest in visiting tourists again. The analysis used in testing the relationship is the Structural Equation Model using the SmartPLS and SPSS applications. The conclusions from the analysis are: (1) Quality has a significant and positive effect on tourist functionality; (2) Quality has a significant and positive effect on tourists' emotions; (3) Quality has a significant and positive effect on social tourism; (4) Functional significant effect on tourist satisfaction; (5) Emotional has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction; (6) Social has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction; (7) Tourist satisfaction mediates the functional effect on repeat interest; (8) Tourist satisfaction mediates the emotional effect on return interest; (9) Tourist satisfaction mediates social influence on return visit interest.

Aims: The article aimed to measure the quality of services offered at the agritourism centre to ensure the operational effectiveness of centres as well as the tourist satisfaction. The study uses the SERVQUAL model, which assesses dimensions such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, to identify the strengths and weaknesses in service delivery in Kerala's agritourism sector. Understanding these differences is critical for tailoring experiences to meet the diverse expectations of both domestic and foreign visitors [1]. Objective: Analyse the Service Quality for Domestic and Foreign Tourists at Agritourism centres. Methodology: Primary survey was conducted among 150 domestic tourists and 150 foreign tourists who visited agritourism centres in Kerala using pre tested structured questionnaire. Results: The service quality analysis shows the highest satisfaction level of domestic tourists and lowest satisfaction level of foreign tourists towards the overall services provided at the agritourism center. The analysis revealed a lack of efficient signage boards, lack of trained guides and lack of accessibility features for disabled individuals at the agritourism destinations. Aside from these areas, the services demonstrated a higher level of performance. Neglecting these aspects will results in various negative outcomes, affecting tourists’ satisfaction and overall efficiency. Signage boards at agritourism destinations offer essential directions, enhance the overall visitor experience, and ensure both safety and accessibility. By focusing in clear, informative, and thoughtfully designed signs, agritourism destinations can boost visitor satisfaction, enhance their operations, and achieve success in a competitive market. The presence of trained guides will also enhance the tourists experience by ensuring safety, delivering valuable educational content, boost operational efficiency, provide personalized customer service, and support cultural and community engagement. Investing in well-trained guides enables agritourism destinations to improve the quality of their services, create memorable and rewarding experiences for visitors. Prioritizing the disability-friendly practices will play a key role in shaping a welcoming, inclusive, and successful industry that serves all individuals equitably. Conclusion: The study identified the quality gaps that experienced by the tourists at agritourism centres. Upholding high service quality in agritourism destinations is crucial for ensuring visitor satisfaction, gaining a competitive advantage, managing reputation, and maximizing both economic and community benefits [2]. Ultimately, high service quality will become the key driver of growth and prosperity for agritourism destinations.

This study aims to analyze the effect of e-WOM on destination image, tourist satisfaction, and tourist loyalty. Analyze the influence of destination image on tourist satisfaction and loyalty, and analyze the effect of satisfaction on tourist loyalty. This research approach is an associative approach. The location of this study was conducted in the tourist destination of the Lake Toba Region in North Sumatra. The population in this study is domestic tourists. This population was chosen, because theoretically and empirically it has various characteristics that are appropriate to the topic and purpose of the study. While the sample size is 145 tourists. Data collection techniques are a list of questions and interviews. The analytical method used in this study is the Structural Equation Model with data processing using the Lisrel 8.0 computer program. The results showed that E-WOM affected Destination Image, Tourist Satisfaction, and Tourist Loyalty, Destination Image influenced Tourist Satisfaction and Tourist Loyalty and Tourist Satisfaction influenced Tourist Loyalty.

The beauty of nature, the uniqueness of the culture and the hospitality of its inhabitants put the island of Bali first in the world, beating the Maldives and Phuket, Thailand. Bali ranks first among the 25 best destinations in the world (Trip Adivisor, 2017). The purpose of this study is to prove and analyze the influence of local culture on tourism products and the satisfaction of domestic tourists at tourist destinations in Gianyar regency of Bali province. The population in this study is domestic tourists whose numbers are unknown (unlimited). Convenience sampling was used of 204 respondents. The results of this study prove that local culture has a significant influence on tourism products and the satisfaction of the domestic tourists, as well as the tourism products have a significant effect on the satisfaction of the domestic tourists
 Keywords: local culture, tourism products, tourist satisfaction.

The purpose of this thesis is (1) to examine the effect of four personal factors (institutional trust (IT), consumer ethnocentrism tendency (CET), consumer cosmopolitanism (COS), and personality type (PT)) on the formation of domestic tourist destination image (DTDI), (2) to examine the effect of DTDI on destination brand experience (DBE), tourist satisfaction (TS), and behavioral intentions, and (3) to assess the potential applicability of various relevant theories on the tourist preference of international versus domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia. A sample of 1,564 Saudi citizens was collected. A theoretical model of DTDI was designed. The data was statistically analyzed using structural equation modeling. Personal factors were found to influence tourists’ perceptions of DTDI. IT, CET, COS, and PT were found influential to DTDI. DTDI was found to influence DBE, TS, and all behavioral intentions. DBE was found to partially mediate the relationship between DTDI and TS. TS was found to mediate the relationship between DBE and both behavioral intentions. The context of the study involves only one destination and the sample consists of only Saudi citizens. Although this was useful to test the model, generalizability cannot be confidently claimed before multiple replications. Also, the scales selected to measure the different constructs, although chosen carefully, come with their own limitations. This research informs Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) about the existing relationship between IT and the images of the destinations they are promoting. The results revealed the roles played by CET, COS, and PT on DTDI formation, which should be beneficial for both tourist segmentation and marketing communication. The research also confirms to DMOs the pivotal importance of DBE as an influential construct. This is the first study to examine the effect of IT on TDI research. The relationship was confirmed and thus has advanced our understanding of how TDI is formed and perceived. The study has also examined the role of CET and COS among the citizens of the same country in which the destination is found, which is a novel pursuit that is added to the knowledge of domestic tourism, CET, and COS.

The present study examines the effects of dimensions of Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE) scale on domestic tourists’ revisit intention to Danang tourist destination. An online survey of 309 tourists who has visited Danang for data analysis. The structural equation model is applied to investigate the relationships between MTE’s dimensions and tourist’s revisit intention. The results show that four dimensions of MTE (Novelty, Involvement, Hedonism, and Local Culture) have significant positive relationships with domestic tourists’ revisit intention. In contrast, Knowledge is found to affect tourists’ revisit intention negatively. Overall, the study contributes to the literature on memorable tourism experiences by offering theoretical and empirical evidence about interrelationships between the dimensions of memorable tourism experiences and tourists’ revisit intention. The results from this paper provide suggestions for enhancing memorable tourism experiences and encouraging tourists to return to Danang. Future studies should replicate the study in diverse samples such as geographic regions participants with different travel motives. Besides, future research should include destination attributes since tourists’ perceptions of the destination after the trip are based on on-site experiences and determine memorable tourism experiences.