Abstract
Near-surface bubbles created by breaking waves can cause significant interference with the performance of High-Frequency (>10 kHz) Obstacle Avoidance Sonars (OAS). In particular, field measurements have shown the frequent occurrence of bubbles organized into vertical, plume-like structures. Previous work has shown that bubble plume structures induce both significant spatial variations in the reverberation level and anomalies in path-integrated extinction loss relative to predictions from uniform bubble layer models. This present study assesses the performance impacts due to bubble structures for OAS modelled. Multi-ping probabilities of detection and false alarm are predicted using the standard Swerling models as well as the cumulative detection probability over multiple pings using a lambda-sigma process. The specific performance of generic OAS at 90 and 200 kHz are modelled under a variety of sea-states.
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