Abstract
The study area of Rmel-O. Ogbane aquifer, located in the north of Morocco, currently faces major water challenges related to the sustainable management of water resources. Climate change and Sea-Level-Rise can increase the risks and costs of water resources management and impact water resources' quantity and quality. Hence, for planning and management, an integrated approach is developed for linking climate models and groundwater models to investigate future impacts of climate change on groundwater resources. Climate projections show an increase in temperature of about 0.45 °C and a reduction in precipitation of 16.7% for 2016-2050. Simulations of seawater intrusion corresponding to various combinations of groundwater extraction predicted climate change and sea-level-rise show that the area will be contaminated on the NW sector of the coastal part. The toe would reach about 5.2 km inland and intrude on high salinity (15–25g/l). Beyond these zones, the contamination of the aquifer will be limited. Moreover, these results were confirmed by the application of the GALDIT method. They reveal that the fringe littoral areas of the aquifer are the most affected by seawater intrusion, with a high risk in the north-western part of the study area.
Highlights
Studying the effect of Climate Change (CC) on groundwater resources is essential to water planners and managers because it may change underlying water management conditions [1, 2]
The paper is based on analyzing the impacts of CC on water resources in the study area based on a 3D groundwater flow modeling and GALDIT method mapping
Since the model was designed to simulate seawater intrusion (SWI) into both GW flow and solute transfer processes were active in coastal aquifers simultaneously, with boundary conditions taken into consideration
Summary
Studying the effect of Climate Change (CC) on groundwater resources is essential to water planners and managers because it may change underlying water management conditions [1, 2]. The impact of CC in the Lower-Loukkos basin cause recurrent droughts, and decreases in recharge directly affect the groundwater level in the aquifer, where it's continuing to decrease This is associated with excessive over-pumping rates related to the sustainable management of water resources and the delivery of water services for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use. The aquifer supplies good groundwater quality that is accessible [4] This favorable situation has increased pumping and caused environmental problems, such as water table decline and saltwater intrusion on the coast and the coastal plain of the study area. Inappropriate management of this coastal aquifer (overexploitation) may lead to saltwater intrusion into freshwater wells, destroying them as sources of fresh water supply
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