Abstract
In cyber–physical power systems (CPPSs), the interaction mechanisms between physical systems and cyber systems are becoming more and more complicated. Their deep integration has brought new unstable factors to the system. Faults or attacks may cause a chain reaction, such as control failure, state deterioration, or even outage, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of power grids. In this paper, given the interaction mechanisms, we propose an interdependent model of CPPS, based on a characteristic association method. Utilizing this model, we can study the fault propagation mechanisms when faulty or under cyber-attack. Simulation results quantitatively reveal the propagation process of fault risks and the impacts on the CPPS due to the change of state quantity of the system model.
Highlights
As one of the most complicated man-made systems in the world [1], a power system is a nation’s critical infrastructure that underpins national security and economic stability
With the development of many advanced technologies [3], such as advanced modern sensor and measurement technology, communication and information technology, computer technology, and control technology, traditional power grids are undergoing a series of changes from single power grids to cyber–physical power systems (CPPSs), which are composed of traditional power grids and cyber networks [4]
This paper focuses on fault propagation in cyber–physical power systems, and presents an interdependent model and fault propagation mechanism analysis for the CPPSs
Summary
As one of the most complicated man-made systems in the world [1], a power system is a nation’s critical infrastructure that underpins national security and economic stability. In terms of the difference in the nodes and edges, an interdependent model between power systems and dispatching data networks is proposed to investigate only the cascading failures [3], rather than the fault transmission process between power grids and cyber networks. Taking active power flow properties into consideration, a CPPS model is proposed to study the impacts of cyber component faults on the failures of a power network [20]. These approaches identify cyber secure vulnerabilities in terms of terminal equipment and communication protocols This type of research does not combine information transmission with the dispatch control of the power grid, which ignores the operating characteristics of the power grid and the interaction characteristics in CPPSs. Through integrating different simulation platforms, the hybrid agent-based modeling approach is proposed to model interdependencies between physical systems and cyber systems [23]. The remainder of this paper is in organized as In follows: of the cyber–physical interdependent network is presented
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