Abstract
Vehicle platooning is a perspective technique for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) use dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) to form a convoy, in which the following vehicles can receive the information from their preceding vehicles to achieve safe automated driving and maintain a short headway. Consequently, a vehicle platoon can improve traffic safety and efficiency, further reducing fuel consumption. However, emergency braking inevitably occurs when the platoon meets an accident or a sudden mechanical failure. It is more critical when the wireless communication got delays. Therefore, “how to predefine a minimum safe distance (MSD) considering communication delay” is a challenging issue. To this end, a series of field tests were carried out to measure the communication delay of IEEE 802.11p that is the underlying protocol of DSRC. Subsequently, MSD is modeled and analyzed when the platoon travels at accelerating, cruising, and decelerating states. More importantly, the results of field tests are applied in the models to investigate the impact of communication delay on MSD in practice. The simulation results verify that the proposed model can effectively maintain the platooning vehicles’ safety even if emergency braking happens with certain communication delays.
Highlights
Nowadays, roadway traffic continues to cause congestion, energy consumption, and pollution
Among the connected and automated vehicle (CAV) applications, vehicle platooning is an important application to achieve better traffic safety, efficiency, and lower fuel consumption by reducing the aerodynamic drag of the following vehicles. e safety of a vehicle platoon depends on two critical factors: the desired minimum safe distance (MSD) and the varying wireless communication delay caused by the complex traffic environments
The determination of the MSD in vehicle platoon is very important for the following reasons: (1) it ensures that the vehicles in the platoon will not collide under any circumstances; (2) it is needed to determine the best balance point between the traffic safety and efficiency of the platoon; (3) it has an incremental relationship with the communication delay, the impact of communication delay on MSD is very difficult to model; (4) it will be a critical parameter for the platoon controller if the MSD of platoon is modeled
Summary
Roadway traffic continues to cause congestion, energy consumption, and pollution. Among the CAV applications, vehicle platooning is an important application to achieve better traffic safety, efficiency, and lower fuel consumption by reducing the aerodynamic drag of the following vehicles. Journal of Advanced Transportation can help to reduce energy consumption by avoiding unnecessary fluctuations in speed [3] Despite these advantages, a shorter intervehicle distance can lead to safety issue [4]. (1) Field tests were carried out to obtain the maximum communication time delay (2) By considering communication delay, MSD models were proposed to guarantee the safety of platooning vehicles when emergency braking happened during accelerating, cruising, and decelerating states (3) Simulation experiments were conducted to verify the correctness of the MSD models e remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents related studies on the impact of a communication delay on CAV platoon control.
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