Abstract

Laboratory experiments are conducted to investigate the diffraction of sound by concave surfaces for both monopole and dipole sources. The cylindrical concave surface in an otherwise homogeneous medium is used to simulate an outdoor situation corresponding to a downward refracting medium. A normal mode solution is developed to predict the sound field diffracted by the curved surface. The analysis is based on a conformal transformation in which a stricter analogy is established. Analytical expressions for dipole sources are deduced directly from that for a monopole source. Furthermore, the normal mode solutions are validated by comparison with that due to the boundary element method. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the normal mode predictions for an exponential sound-speed profile as well as a bilinear sound-speed profile. [Work supported by EPSRC and an Open University Studentship.]

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