Mobility and immobility of migrants and non-migrants

This study aims to determine any socio-economic factors that can affect the mobility of migrants in the city of Samarinda. the increasing mobility of migrants in the city of Samarinda suspected there were other factors in addition to economic factors but also geographical factors Samarinda is the City with a good level of infrastructure development and a fairly modern city. So this is one reason semangkin increasing flow of migrant mobility in the city of Samarinda. This study aimed to determine the socio-economic factors mobility of migrants in the city of Samarinda. Reasons that encourage migrants to the city of Samarinda, the reasons that attracted migrants in the city of Samarinda, the purpose of migrant mobility in the city of Samarinda, sex and age of migrants, status of residence, place of origin, the last educational status, type of job you have. Analysis of the mobility of migrants in the city of Samarinda is analyzed using quantitative research methods and analysis in this study using binary logistic regression While socio-economic indicators were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis of Logistic Regression Model to explain the factors that affect the mobility of migrants in the city of Samarinda is marital status with a significance value (0,048) and work with signifiknsi value (0.006). Economically it is clear that the behavior of the respondents in this study tended to to migrate with the aim to improve the lives of their families.

This essay-review assesses what has been dubbed a hybrid or mobile turn in work on immigration, literature, and language. Analogous to a broader mobility turn in studies of migration, scholars in literature and linguistics emphasize the fluidity, hybridity, and mobility of migrants’ (multi-)lingual practices and literatures, aiming to challenge sedimented ideas about linguistic assimilation or nationalism and monolingualism. While finding merit in these works, this essay argues that celebrations of migrant multilingualism and linguistic hybridity also can work in tandem with the racialization, economic exploitation, and exclusion of migrants. This is because certain forms of migrant multilingualism become forms of human capital under neoliberalism, while other forms of linguistic diversity or fluidity are, at best, made illegible or, at worst, used to racialize otherwise ideal neoliberal migrant subjects. Tracing how arguments for linguistic fluidity and hybridity are folded into complex and stratified forms of neoliberal subjectivity, multiculturalism, and economic value, the essay illustrates the necessity of situating studies of immigrant language practices and language policy within broader political, economic and world-historical contexts such as global racial capitalism.

移民たちの船の物質性とモビリティ 地中海・ランペドゥーザ島の「船の墓場」からの問い

Data show that the offspring of migrant labourers (the so-called ‘guest workers’) from the former Yugoslavia and Turkey have problems with educational advancement and are over-represented in low-income jobs in Austria. In this chapter, we examine some of the factors that might explain this problematic situation. Building on social-capital theory, we analyse qualitative interviews with second-generation migrants in Vienna. The outcomes show how different social and institutional agents in the lifeworld of migrant youth affect their chances and choices. We argue that even ‘bad’ choices, such as leaving school early to enter the labour market, can be understood as reasonable strategies, once the context in which they are developed is taken into account. The analysis thus shows that, in order to improve the social situation and mobility of migrants’ children, attention should be directed at the pervasive discriminatory contextual factors rather than focusing on the alleged negative characteristics of migrant youth themselves.

This paper reviews the literature on the internal mobility of international migrants and their descendants in Europe from an interdisciplinary perspective. Europe is becoming increasingly diverse. Where international migrants live and move to after arriving in their destination country influences both individual life courses and macro‐level population compositions. So far, a comprehensive overview of internal mobility patterns and drivers among migrants is missing. The aim of this paper is threefold: first, to discuss the development of the field across disciplines; second, to present and reflect on the current state of knowledge of internal mobility of migrants in Europe, and third, to conclude by setting an agenda for future research. This paper stresses the importance of studying the internal mobility of migrant populations over their life courses, testing theories across migrant generations, doing more justice to population diversity, strengthening the link between the literature on internal and international migration, and finally, emphasises the need for comparative research.

The purpose of the paper is to discuss, from a multigenerational perspective, the (im)mobilities of older Pakistani women migrants in the UK and the material culture of gift‐giving, which moves with (and without) them to and from the ancestral homeland of Pakistan. A multigenerational perspective allows us to comprehend the collective importance of the mobilities of older Pakistani female migrants in upholding the culturally significant ritualistic custom of gift‐giving. The research is situated within the theoretical context of the ‘New Mobilities Paradigm’ to understand the mobility patterns of older migrants and the mobilisation of material culture. We find that the process of coordinating and exchanging gifts leads to a great deal of physical mobility, within localities and national spaces, but also internationally across different diasporic locations. In doing so, older Pakistani women migrants perform an important role as ‘gift agents’ in the host and home countries, assuring their own social status as well as that of their families. Importantly, the resulting mobility of older Pakistani women empowers their less mobile peers to also participate in gift‐giving. This paper concludes by extending the concept of ‘mobility practices’ to include the mobility of gifts as a practice, which can compensate for physical immobility in older age due to ill‐health, fragility, or other factors. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Economic restructuring and the dramatic expansion of higher education have generated large migration flows of skilled employees to Chinese cities. The residential mobility of skilled migrants has a large impact on the operation of housing and labour markets and the (re)production of social inequities. In this paper we examine the effects of life-course trajectories and institutional factors on the residential mobility of skilled migrants, in comparison with local skilled workers in Nanjing, using a retrospective survey conducted in 2012. Results show that skilled migrants have a higher level of residential mobility than their local counterparts, and that this difference arises from the locals' early entry into homeownership. Yet, migrants and locals also share similarities: market factors that are closely related to household, labour, and housing careers are decisive in explaining the residential mobility of skilled workers, indicating that life-course theories are also applicable in the Chinese context. The impacts of traditional institutional factors, such as hukou, employer type, and Chinese Communist Party membership, are of a much smaller magnitude, indicating that markets have become dominant institutions in China.

Research on international migrants traditionally focused on their international moves only. In this study we expand on this work by looking at the internal mobility of international migrants living in Belgium. In our paper we will pay special attention to the case of Brussels, the main urban area in Belgium. This article studies the level of internal mobility of international migrants as compared to the majority group. We also test whether the same or different patterns of mobility are found among different origin groups in Belgium. Second, we study where international migrants move to by distinguishing between different areas and regions. Finally, we question how and to what extent neighbourhood characteristics are important for internal mobility of international migrants. Our work is based on the 2001 census and the 2006 register data of Belgium including the total population. The data are unique as beside regular data we also have detailed information on the evaluated and objective neighbourhood characteristics.

Before Covid-19, countries in the Americas—deeply unequal spaces historically determined by migrant mobilities—had hardened their migratory policies, provoking the rise in the number of undocumented migrants and limitations on the right to refuge. Based on the initial findings of a collaborative and comparative research project encompassing twenty-one countries in the Americas (www.inmovilidades.org), this article argues that the current pandemic justifies a perverse intersection between health policies and politics to control mobility that has configured a de facto state of exception in migration matters, which only magnifies the existing tension between mobility and control. By reviewing press material and policy documents, and complementing those with the testimonies of regional and extra-continental migrants, this article proves that common situations are arising across the Americas that disproportionately affect regional and extracontinental undocumented migrants and asylum seekers, consigning them to daily hyper-precarization and dispossession of rights. It also shows that new forms of migrant mobility are emerging. The article thus focuses on five intertwined common situations: 1) border closures and increased internal policing; 2) suspension or limitation of the right to refuge; 3) selective hyper-nationalist aid programmes; 4) the adoption of a new anti-migrant legal architecture; and 5) new forms of migrant mobility and struggle. As the article suggests, against the current pandemic and hyper-control migrant mobilities are strategies for resistance with spatial effects on national and transnational scales across the continent.

Growing tendencies in parental migration highlight the importance of safeguarding the health and well-being of children who are left behind. Our research intended to focus on the growing mental health issues faced by children and adolescents (CAA) following parental migration, in extreme cases, potentially leading to psychological challenges and suicide. Using a database of 425 English-language publications from Scopus and Web of Science, published between 1972 and 2025 (as of 23rd March 2025), we employ descriptive and bibliometric analyses. Our findings highlight three distinct evolutionary periods, with a notable increase in the third (2015-2025). The influential journals in this field are Social Science and Medicine, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Children and Youth Services Review, and Journal of Youth and Adolescence. The domain's intellectual structure is mapped into eight clusters using network visualisation. These clusters cover topics such as "Health Impact of Migration", "Health and Age", "Migrant Mobility", "Parent-Child Relations", "Wellbeing", and "Socioeconomic Status". The recent trends identified in the three domains, Family Dynamics, Mental Health and Well-being, and Social Exclusion, demonstrate the multidimensional nature of migration's impact on CAA. The findings helped us to provide future research directions, ranging from the longitudinal impact of parental migration to policy implications on CAA. This work bridges gaps in the literature, highlighting the leading journals and the interdisciplinary structure of the research domain, and proposes future research directions to better understand and address CAA's mental health challenges related to parental migration.

For Michel Foucault (1997, 218), ‘the ordering of human multiplicities’ constitutes a problem for ‘every system of power’. In the context of contemporary EUrope, the ordering of migrant multiplicities continues to be a problem, giving rise to ever-more complex systems designed to govern mobilities, facilitating particular human movements while slowing down, disciplining, or deterring others. The desire to differentially govern migration has prompted an interplay of diverse actors, technologies, knowledges, and rationales and has in this way given rise to a EUropean border ensemble. This chapter explores how governmentality-inspired scholarship has tried to understand and conceptualize this ensemble and examines what governmental approaches have struggled to account for - systemic forms of racialized violence and deadly abandonment as well as the constitutive practices of ‘unruly’ migrant mobility that upset and shape the ways in which EUrope seeks to order migrant multiplicities.

This chapter begins by describing international political economy as a broad theoretical approach in human geography and the types of issues it sheds light on. In particular, we focus on its deployment in our own research fields of critical development and health geography. Turning to COVID-19, we describe how the pandemic has brought into much sharper focus the inequitable and discriminatory foundations of these systems. In particular, we outline three spaces of contagion foisted upon Central American asylum seekers and survival migrants in the time of COVID-19. These contagion spaces include detention centres constructed to ‘contain’ migrant mobility, modes of mass transportation used to funnel migrants ‘home’ following mass deportations and the ‘physical distancing’ and self-quarantining lockdowns facing these migrants as they are returned to their respective places of origin. Together, these spaces reveal the extent to which wider political economic forces have put survival migrants at an elevated and cumulative risk of catastrophe—what we regard as a death trap of discriminatory systems intended to serve dominant political and economic interests. We conclude by discussing a future political economy research agenda on COVID-19 and similar situations that might follow it, in which geographers are well positioned to offer grounded yet scalar accounts of structural violence and inequality.

From the campaign of Chilean exiles all over the world to overthrow the regime of Augusto Pinochet in the 1970s to the contemporary mobilization of the Kurdish diaspora in Western Europe, various cases demonstrate the persistence of homeland ties among migrants, especially those who experienced repression and displacement by the government in their countries of origin. Diverse frameworks and concepts in both the humanities and the social sciences have been deployed to explain the involvement of migrants in politics in their home countries, from “long‐distance nationalism” to “transnational activism.” Each points to different dynamic processes and causal mechanisms. In recent years, scholars have advocated the use of a social movement framework in the analysis of migrant mobilization, despite the marginalization of such studies in theory development. In this article, I examine the concepts put forward by the political process model (PPM) as they apply to the analysis of migrants' involvement in politics in their native land. I propose ways for PPM to be useful in the explanation of the dynamics and processes of homeland‐oriented migrant mobilization.

This article explores the many more-than-human actors involved in crafting migrant (im)mobility across the Alps and the racialised (re)production of the borderscape as what I call a whitescape. Using cycling and hiking as embodied and mobile methodologies of encounter it examines the entanglement of landscapes, terrains, gradients, weather, water, and forests, alongside transport and tourist infrastructures: roads, railways, tunnels, bus routes, ski slopes, golf courses, hiking trails and cycling tracks in shaping how illegalised migrants encounter the Alpine Susa Valley/Hautes-Alpes border routes and how these ecologies are made political. Drawing on the work of Juanita Sundberg the article makes the case for posthumanism and political ecology in the study of borderscapes and illegalised migrant (im)mobility, while being sensitive to the racist dynamics of the nature/culture divide present in much posthumanist and political ecology scholarship. Therefore, while the article makes space for the role of more-than-human actors in borderscapes it also highlights the racialising work of these more-than-human entanglements in the following ways: through perpetuating dualist ontologies of nature/culture or nature/human from which illegalised migrants are linked to the natural, read pre-modern, world; and through producing illegalised migrants as ‘bodies-out-of-place’ in a political ecology that is concomitantly (re)produced as a whitescape.

In this paper, we set the scene for this special issue by outlining the main concerns that underlie the study of migrant politics and related forms of social and political mobilization. We begin by examining the changing ways in which migrant and minority politics and mobilization have been articulated in recent decades, exploring key facets of the intersections between forms of migrant and minority mobilization and the wider social and political environment. We continue by discussing how these politics and mobilization have been analysed, both from a conceptual and empirical angle. We conclude by mapping the core themes of the substantive papers that make up this volume and by highlighting some issues for further research.