Abstract
Heavy metals and pesticides released to the environment render the waters suffering from combined pollution. This study investigated the toxicity of binary and ternary mixtures of copper (Cu) and two organophosphorus pesticides (dichlorvos (DIC) and dimethoate (DIM)) to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67. For each of three binary mixture groups (Cu-DIC, Cu-DIM, and DIC-DIM), five mixture rays were constructed by using the direct equipartition ray design (EquRay). For the ternary mixture group of Cu-DIC-DIM, five ternary mixture rays were constructed by using the uniform design ray (UD-Ray). The mixture toxicity was determined by the microplate toxicity analysis and assessed by the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA). It is shown that the observed toxicities of all binary mixtures were almost estimated by CA or IA while those of the ternary mixtures were significantly lower than CA or IA estimations.
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