Mixed ligand transition metal(II) complexes: Characterization, spectral, electrochemical studies, molecular docking and bacteriological application

Abstract

Mixed ligand complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and Cd(II) with N,N'-1,4-phenylene (2-hyboxynaphthaliden imine) (H2L) as primary ligand and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAp) as secondary ligand have been prepared. The newly formed complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, 1H NMR, UV–Vis., FTIR, X-ray diffraction, mass, thermal analysis and ESR techniques. The elemental analysis, data reveal the formation of [2:1:2] [M: H2L: 4-AAP] complexes. The mode of bonding between Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(Il), Mn(II) and Cd(II) and ligands has been studied by IR spectrophotometry. Electronic absorption spectra and magnetic moment measurements of the mixed-ligand complexes suggest a distorted octahedral geometry around the central metal ion and the anions X− are in the axial positions, for all compounds. The ligands are found to behave in a neutral bidentate manner, through nitrogen atom and oxygen atom of carbonyl group (secondary ligand), whereas H2L (primary ligand) coordinated through nitrogen and OH group as a neutral ligand. FT-IR spectral data shows that the ligand acted as bis-bidentate coordination through ON–NO donor system. The XRD patterns of the ligand and its mixed ligand complexes showed the polycrystalline natures. The ligand and its mixed complexes were studied for their microbial activity against some bacteria and fungi. The ligand in comparison to its mixed ligand complexes (1-5) was screened for their antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Antifungal activities of ligand in comparison to its mixed ligand complexes (1-5) were determined against Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. It was found that the mixed ligand complex (5) is more active than other mixed ligand complexes and penicillin G against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas sp. The mixed ligand complex (5) is more active than the ligand and other mixed ligand complexes and miconazole against Aspergillus niger. The inhibition efficiency of the prepared ligand (H2L) against the corrosion of P355 carbon steel in HCl (2 M) solution was determined by various electrochemical methods are found to be in reasonable agreement. The morphology of protected P355 carbon steel was test by energy dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscope (EDX–SEM).