Abstract
European beech, Fagus sylvatica L., is one of the most important and widespread deciduous tree species in Central Europe and is widely managed for its hard wood. The complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Fagus sylvatica L. was assembled and annotated based on Illumina MiSeq reads and validated using long reads from nanopore MinION sequencing. The genome assembled into a single DNA sequence of 504,715 bp in length containing 58 genes with predicted function, including 35 protein-coding, 20 tRNA and three rRNA genes. Additionally, 23 putative protein-coding genes were predicted supported by RNA-Seq data. Aiming at the development of taxon-specific mitochondrial genetic markers, the tool SNPtax was developed and applied to select genic SNPs potentially specific for different taxa within the Fagales. Further validation of a small SNP set resulted in the development of four CAPS markers specific for Fagus, Fagaceae, or Fagales, respectively, when considering over 100 individuals from a total of 69 species of deciduous trees and conifers from up to 15 families included in the marker validation. The CAPS marker set is suitable to identify the genus Fagus in DNA samples from tree tissues or wood products, including wood composite products.
Highlights
Fagus is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperateEurope, Asia, and North America
The genus is divided into two subgenera, Engleriana and Fagus [1]
Because of the significance of the genus Fagus, genomic sequence resources are highly desired for this genus
Summary
Fagus is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae (order Fagales), native to temperate. The genus is divided into two subgenera, Engleriana and Fagus [1]. As a naturally growing forest tree, European beech (F. sylvatica L.; subgenus Fagus) is among the most important and widespread tree species in Central Europe and is widely managed for its versatile hard wood. Because of the significance of the genus Fagus, genomic sequence resources are highly desired for this genus. Mishra et al [3] published a 542 Mb nuclear draft genome sequence of an up to 300-year-old. F. sylvatica individual (Bhaga) from an undisturbed stand in the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park in Central Germany. The assembly comprised 6451 scaffolds that are not yet assigned to any chromosomes
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