Mitigation on the Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in the Radial Distribution System

Abstract

The plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) are in initial market phase across the globe. Still, the adoption of PEVs is not happening because of lack of public charging infrastructure. In the nearby future the demand for electricity is going to increase especially for the transport sector. This research work helps in planning the optimum utilization of existing radial distribution system (RDS). The planning is accomplished in a two-step process. In the first step the particle swarm optimization (PSO) finds the optimum location of the electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) in a balanced radial distribution system (BRDS). The second step improves the voltage profile of BRDS via reconfiguration. The major objective of this two-step process is to reduce the copper loss of RDS by incorporating EVCS. The accuracy of the proposed method is elaborated in four scenarios with three internal cases. The two-step process is adopted in the second, third and fourth scenarios and is compared with the base case scenario where the EVCS is placed optimally using PSO onto the existing BRDS. The fourth scenario uses the two step optimization simultaneously and proves to be the best in terms of performance. The proposed method is validated through simulation study on 16 bus BRDS and 119 bus BRDS using MATLAB.