Abstract
Mining the oceans offers unprecedented opportunities for new development of global resources. Exploration in the deep oceans has largely been limited to searching for exotic animal and plant life and, thus far, the only extensive mining in the oceans has been for oil and gas, both in prospecting and production. Undersea mining for industrial minerals is still in an early phase. Obstacles involve regulations imposed by the UN International Seabed Authority and unfavorable historical metal prices. If regulatory obstacles can be overcome, future undersea mining for a long list of minerals appears likely. The United States should insist that restrictive deep-sea extraction requirements be repealed or relaxed. Failing that, the United States should explore forming smaller international alliances or even acting unilaterally.
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