Abstract
Cognitive radio (CR) technology is envisioned to use wireless spectrum opportunistically when the primary user (PU) is not using it. In cognitive radio ad-hoc networks (CRAHNs), the mobile users form a distributed multi-hop network using the unused spectrum. The qualities of the channels are different in different locations. When a user moves from one place to another, it needs to switch the channel to maintain the quality-of-service (QoS) required by different applications. The QoS of a channel depends on the amount of usage. A user can select the channels that meet the QoS requirement during its movement. In this paper, we study the mobility patterns of users, predict their next locations and probabilities to move there based on its history. We extract the mobility patterns from each user’s location history and match the recent trajectory with the patterns to find future locations. We construct a spectrum database using Wi-Fi access point location data and the free space path loss formula. We propose a machine learning-based mechanism to predict spectrum status of some missing locations in the spectrum database. We formulate a problem to select the current channel in order to minimize the total number of channel switches during a certain number of next moves of a user. We conduct an extensive simulation combining real and synthetic datasets to support our model.
Highlights
In the cognitive radio network (CRN) architecture, the users use the unused spectrum for their communication
The channel selection in cognitive radio plays an important role especially when the users are mobile, and the channel status is different within a short distance
The proper channel selection can reduce the number of channel switches while the user moves to another place
Summary
In the cognitive radio network (CRN) architecture, the users use the unused spectrum for their communication. Cognitive radio (CR) users create connections among them and a local ad-hoc network. Each CR user has a minimum data rate which depends on their applications. The achievable data rate in a channel depends on many channel characteristics, including signal power, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the number of users. These characteristics are different for different channels in different locations. The CR users must be guaranteed with the minimum required data rate during their movement to a different location. To ensure the minimum required data rate, a CR user needs to switch to different channels while it is moving. Channel switching is a costly process because it takes some time to re-establish the connection. Channel selection is hard when multiple channels offer higher data rates than the required data rate
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