Abstract
This paper proposes a digital model predictive controller (DMPC) for a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) DC-DC converter interfaced with renewable energy resources in a hybrid system. Such MIMO systems generally suffer from cross-regulation, which seriously impacts the stability and speed of response of the system. To solve the contemporary issues in a MIMO system, a controller is required to attenuate the cross-regulation. Therefore, this paper proposes a controller, which increases speed of response and maintains stable output by regulating the load voltage independently. The inductor current and the capacitor voltage of the proposed converter are considered as the controlling parameters. With the aid of Forward Euler’s procedure, the future values are computed for the instantaneous values of controlling parameters. Cost function defines the control action by the predicted values that describe the system performance and establish optimal condition at which the output of the system is required. This allows proper switching of the system, thereby helping to regulate the output voltages. Thus, for any variation in load, the DMPC ensures steady switching operation and minimization of cross-regulation. To prove the efficacy of proposed DMPC controller, simulations followed by the experimental results are executed on a hybrid system consisting of dual-input dual-output (DIDO) positive Super-Lift Luo converter (PSLLC) interfaced with photovoltaic renewable energy resource. The results thus obtained are compared with the conventional PID (proportional integrative derivative) controller for validation and prove that the DMPC controller is able to control the cross-regulation effectively.
Highlights
With the depletion of fossil fuels and its subsequent ecological impacts, renewable energy resources are in greater demand in power industry [1]
To validate the designed digital model predictive controller (DMPC) in an environment where hybrid energy resources are integrated to the loads using positive Super-Lift Luo converter (PSLLC) converter experimentally, a scaled down prototype of 100W capacity is developed, maintaining the concept of analyzing the cross-regulation effect across the two Energies 2020,while
This paper proposed a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) controller for dual-input dual-output (DIDO) hybrid energy system to subdue the effect of cross-regulation
Summary
With the depletion of fossil fuels and its subsequent ecological impacts, renewable energy resources are in greater demand in power industry [1]. Renewable energy sources (RES) in a hybrid system lack reliability and have lower efficiency and greater fluctuation. Energy storage devices like fuel cells, batteries, and super-capacitors need to be integrated with RES for stable operation. It is relevant to interface the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) converter with RES along with energy storage devices [2,3,4]. The MIMO dc-dc converter produces a favorable result [5] with regard to cost, size, and power efficiency. Development of MIMO DC-DC converters finds wide applications in smart devices, electric vehicles, fuel cell power generation, etc., [6]. The MIMO system has Energies 2020, 13, 6534; doi:10.3390/en13246534 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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