Abstract
This article aims to provide a concise, high-level overview of the classification, management and treatment of migraine. Migraine is a common, debilitating neurological disorder that is characterised by the presence of severe headaches, which may last anything from a few hours to a few days (4–72 hours). Thus, the condition is characterised by episodes of severe migraine headache, frequently accompanied by nausea and vomiting. These headaches may be unilateral or bilateral, and patients may also experience a range of associated features. Acute attacks require rapid, abortive treatment and the rate of recurrence needs to be reduced and managed using effective prophylactic measures.
Highlights
According to the International Headache Society, a migraine is a headache that lasts for 4–72 hours and presents with at least two of the following symptoms: unilateral localisation, moderate to severe pain intensity, aggravation by movement, and a pulsating feeling
Migraine headaches are typically classified into two major subtypes, namely migraine with an aura, and a migraine headache without an aura.[2]
A migraine headache is generally preceded by a premonitory phase that lasts for hours before the headache begins.[1]
Summary
According to the International Headache Society, a migraine is a headache that lasts for 4–72 hours and presents with at least two of the following symptoms: unilateral localisation, moderate to severe pain intensity, aggravation by movement, and a pulsating feeling. The headache is usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photo- and phonophobia.[1] Migraine headaches are typically classified into two major subtypes, namely migraine with an aura, and a migraine headache without an aura.[2] Migraine is considered to be chronic when it occurs for a minimum duration of four (4) hours per day, and lasts for more than 15 days per month, within a three-month period.[3] Chronic migraine is frequently associated with the so-called medicationoveruse-headache.[4].
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