Abstract
Activated carbon, an amorphous carbon material with a high specific surface area and void fraction, is widely used as an economical adsorbent in many fields. In this work, a kind of new activated carbon composite for saccharide column separation was prepared by zinc chloride impregnating and microwave heating. The structural characterizations validate the increase in porosity and the specific surface area of the activated carbon as well as the change of the activated carbon crystallite lattice. The chemical characterizations validate the increase in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and structural bonding of zinc with the activated carbon surface. Compared with the blank control, the surface Zn element improves the adsorption selectivity of the activated carbon to the target saccharides. Under the special mechanism of microwaves, the pores created by expansion from the inside to the outside facilitate the free flow of the mobile phase. The eight saccharides can be separated by the columns packed with the activated carbon impregnated with 40% and 70% zinc chloride.
Highlights
Saccharides are a widely occurring and abundant type of polar, hydrophilic, and highly branched organic compound in natural products
The process parameters of Activated carbon (AC) preparation were screened by response surface methodology (RSM) using the iodine value (IV) as the dependent variable
The IV is regarded as an estimation for the specific surface area and a measurement for porosity.[21]
Summary
Saccharides are a widely occurring and abundant type of polar, hydrophilic, and highly branched organic compound in natural products. Considering the size of pores visible in Figure 1d−g, the expansion from inside out caused by microwave heating should be the main reason for the increase in the number and diameter of these pores.[23] These pores can be regarded as transportation pores into the porous systems created by the activation processes even if the mesopores and micropores are impossible to visualize at the magnification levels used.[24] As shown in Figure S4 (see the Supporting Information), the distribution of the particle size of AC is mainly in the range of 30−80 μM in all groups and in accordance with normal distribution, indicating no significant relationship between the impregnation ratio of ZnCl2 and particle size distribution. The separation rates for the saccharides are almost the same in the columns packed with the AC impregnated with 40% and 70% ZnCl2 and are both higher than the columns packed with the AC impregnated with 10% ZnCl2
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