Abstract
Herein, a simple one-step microwave irradiation technique has been used to synthesize the silver nanoparticles using silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a stabilizing agent. The crystals of as-prepared nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern, confirming the single-phase face-centered cubic structure. The optical property measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy shows an absorption maximum at 420 nm, which also confirms the formation of silver nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that the silver nanoparticles have a spherical shape with an average diameter of ~6 nm. The antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles were investigated using both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEscherichia coli. Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans. Results showed a highest zone of inhibition of about 35 mm against P. aeruginosa as compared with E. coli (21 mm), S. aureus (30 mm), K. pneumonia (28 mm), and C. albicans (29 mm). These studies suggested that silver nanoparticles prepared by this fast and effective method might be developed as antibacterial agents against an extensive range of microorganisms to control and stop the spreading and persistence of bacterial infections.
Highlights
Since most of the infection-causing multi-resistant bacterial strains have become a major warning to public health concerns, the high antibacterial activity of the silver nanoparticles concerning both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria means that their use as antibacterial agents is recommended in preventing the outbreaks caused by the above pathogenic strains
Spherical and monodispersed silver nanoparticles have been successfully prepared under microwave irradiation by using oxalic acid as a reducing agent and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a binding agent
The measured antibacterial activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles clearly demonstrates the excellent activity of these nanoparticles against several pathogenic bacteria, showing the highest activity for P. aeruginosa
Summary
It has been observed that silver nanoparticles display superior properties as compared with bulk material These silver nanoparticles interact with other particles and improve antibacterial activity. Nida et al showed the synthesis of stable silver-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with controlled morphology and particle sizes which was achieved by using CTAB as a surfactant Their results revealed that these nanoparticles demonstrated anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli [13]. We have reported on the easy, rapid, and cost-effective synthesis of spherical and monodispersed silver nanoparticles by the microwave irradiation method within 3 min of irradiation time which has shown excellent antibacterial efficiency against both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria.
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